Overview

In view of the complexity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is important to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate policies to ensure that trade contributes to enhancing opportunities for all. Building on new analysis and data broken down by gender, this study aims to advance understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women. Research on gender equality and trade has been held back by limited data as well as by a lack of understanding of the connections between the economic roles women play as workers, consumers and decision-makers. The report, co-published by the World Trade Organization and the World Bank, gathers new data to show how trade and trade policy can affect men and women differently - in terms of wages, consumption and welfare and in the quality of jobs available to them. New analysis based on these data suggests that expanding trade can act as an impetus for countries to improve women's rights and boost female participation in the economy.

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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was created in 1947 and operated almost five decades on a provisional basis until 1995 when the WTO was established. Its goal is to improve the welfare of peoples of its member countries, specifically by lowering trade barriers and providing a platform for the negotiation of trade. The organization deals with the rules of trade between nations at a global or near global level; it is responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements and charged with policing Member Countries' adherence to all WTO agreements. In 2007 there were 150 Member States.

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