Overview

Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the second highest reported neoplasm in dogs next to skin cancers. They throw challenges of recurrence and metastasis thereby leading to the animal either being abandoned or euthanized due to high cost involved in treatment and uncertainty in prognosis. The CMTs and human breast cancers (HBCs) share lot of similarities in occurrence, pathology, clinical presentations, and outcome. Also, the etiology for both HBCs and CMTs would be comparable as they share similar exposure to environmental factors. Hence, studies involving CMTs aid in providing insights into HBCs. The book is designed with the objectives to get better understanding of the spontaneous CMCs on various aspects like clinico-pathology, hormone receptor status, cancer stem cell (CSC) status, recurrence/ metastasis, prognosis, and therapeutics. It also aimed at applying the diagnostic techniques used in HBCs to CMCs to facilitate early diagnosis and to plan better treatment strategies for the animals. CMT samples were collected from Veterinary hospitals and Institutions across Kerala and Tamil Nadu. A lab-based score card designed from the inputs of different HBC grading systems was used to grade fine needle aspirates of the cohort of thirty canine mammary carcinoma (CMC) samples. The score card exhibited a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 87.5%. CMCs were grouped based on histological features and survival analysis gave a worse prognosis to the solid type of CMCs followed by the tubular complex type.

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