Overview

The experimental study of magnetospheric processes consists of several disci­ plines or methods, developing in two general directions. The first, internal trend covers the progress in experimental techniques and methods and re­ search specific to this discipline. The other trend combines with other methods in a mutual attempt at understanding the boiling whirlpool of the disturbed magnetosphere. Investigations of auroral X-rays began after Van Allen's (1957) discovery of hard radiation in the upper atmosphere of the auroral zone, and are based on high latitude balloon observations. Scientific apparatus, payload equip­ ment, and particular questions of scientific ballooning are discussed in Chap­ ter 1. Chapter 2 concludes the internal trend of the subject by describing the problems of X-ray generation at the boundary of the atmosphere and propa­ gation downward to balloon altitudes. Auroral X-rays are closely related to most of the processes of the disturbed magnetosphere through energetic auroral electrons; precipitating into the at­ mosphere, the latter create bremsstrahlung photons able to penetrate to an at­ mospheric depth of 10- 20 g cm - 2. In quiet periods auroral electron flux ex­ ists only in embryo, as a hot plasma layer at the inner edge of the plasma sheet: in general it is a transient phenomenon caused by magnetospheric distur­ bances and carrying valuable information of the magnetospheric dynamics.

Full Product Details

Author:   Leonid L. Lazutin ,  Theodore J. Rosenberg
Publisher:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG
Imprint:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
Edition:   Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1986
Volume:   14
Dimensions:   Width: 15.50cm , Height: 1.20cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   0.371kg
ISBN:  

9783642704000

ISBN 10:   364270400
Pages:   220
Publication Date:   06 December 2011
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
We will order this item for you from a manufactured on demand supplier.

Table of Contents

1 Balloon Experiment Technique.- 1.1 Launching Facilities.- 1.2 The Balloon in Space Research.- 1.3 Auroral X-Ray Scintillator Spectrometer.- 1.4 Payload Equipment.- 1.5 Ground-Based Support of Balloon Experiments.- 2 Auroral X-Rays: Generation and Transfer into the Atmosphere.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Photon Generation at the Atmospheric Boundary.- 2.3 Calculation of X-Ray Propagation in the Atmosphere.- 2.4 Transformation of X-Ray Flux and Energy Spectrum in the Atmosphere for Extended Regions of Precipitation.- 2.5 Results of Calculation of Photon Transport from Local Sources.- 2.6 X-Ray Angular Distribution.- 2.7 Calculation of Scintillator Spectrometer Efficiency.- 2.8 Practical Example of Electron Spectra Reconstruction.- 2.9 Conclusions and Recommendations.- 3 The Structure of Auroral X-Ray Events and Electron Fluxes in the Magnetosphere.- 3.1 General Features of X-Ray Events.- 3.2 Classification of Auroral X-Ray Forms.- 3.3 Charged Particles in the Magnetosphere.- 3.4 Auroral Radiation.- 4 Auroral Electrons in the Midnight Sector and Magnetospheric Disturbances.- 4.1 Dynamic and Energetic Structure of the Magnetospheric Substorm.- 4.2 Growth Phase.- 4.3 Breakup — An Explosive Onset in the Active Phase of a Substorm.- 4.4 Active Phase. Convection.- 4.5 Active Phase. Expansion.- 4.6 Auroral Region Model of Electron Acceleration and Precipitation During Substorms.- 5 Pulsations and Microbursts of Drifting Auroral Electron Precipitation.- 5.1 Morning Bay-Like Precipitations.- 5.2 Long-Period X-Ray Pulsations (1–20 min).- 5.3 Fast Pulsations and Impulses (3–60 s).- 5.4 Auroral X-Ray Microbursts.- 5.5 Precipitations During SC and SI.- 5.6 Interrelation of Pulsating Structures of Precipitating Auroral Electrons.- 5.7 Classification of the Microstructure ofElectron Precipitation.- Conclusion.- References.- Subjectlndex.

Reviews

Author Information

Tab Content 6

Author Website:  

Customer Reviews

Recent Reviews

No review item found!

Add your own review!

Countries Available

All regions