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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! X-gal (also abbreviated BCIG for bromo-chloro-indolyl-galactopyranoside) is an organic compound consisting of galactoside linked to indole. In gene cloning, X-gal is used to indicate whether a cell expresses the I -galactosidase enzyme, which is encoded by the lacZ gene, in a technique called blue/white screening. X-gal is cleaved by I -galactosidase yielding galactose and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole. The latter is then oxidized into 5,5'-dibromo-4,4'-dichloro-indigo, an insoluble blue product. Thus, if X-gal and an inducer of I -galactosidase (usually IPTG) is contained within an agar medium on a culture plate, colonies which have a functional lacZ gene can easily be distinguished

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