Overview

In White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education, White Jesus is conceived as a socially constructed apparatus—a mythology that animates the architecture of salvation—that operates stealthily as a veneer for patriarchal White supremacist, capitalist, and imperialist sociopolitical, cultural, and economic agendas. White Jesus was constructed by combining empire, colorism, racism, education, and religion; the by-product is a distortion that reproduces violence in epistemic and physical ways. The authors distinguish White Jesus from Jesus of the Gospels, the one whose life, death, and resurrection demands sacrificial love as a response—a love ethic. White Jesus is a fraudulent scheme that many devotees of Jesus of Bethlehem naively fell for. This book is about naming the lies, reclaiming the person of Jesus, and reasserting a vision of power that locates Jesus of the Gospels in solidarity with the easily disposed. The catalytic, animating, and life-altering power of the cross of Jesus is enough to subdue White Jesus and his patronage. White Jesus can be used in a variety of academic disciplines, including education, religion, sociology, and cultural studies. Furthermore, the book will be useful for Christian institutions working to evaluate the images and ideologies of Jesus that shape their biblical ethics, as well as churches in the U.S. that are invested in breaking the mold of homogeneity, civil religion, and uncoupling commitments to patriotism from loyalty to one Kingdom. Educational institutions and religious organizations that are committed to combining justice and diversity efforts with a Jesus ethic will find White Jesus to be a compelling primer.

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Reviews

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-white peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling white supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of white religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly white Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of white nationalism, in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world, is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and white supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the white captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of white supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of white supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ: Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of white American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference;' a chasm that prompted millions of white American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of white evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus white, God white, and salvation white. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted white the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of White American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference'; a chasm that prompted millions of White American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of White evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus White, God White, and salvation White. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted White the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and White supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the White captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of Whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that Whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-White peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling White supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between Whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of White religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of Whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of Whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly White Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of Whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine Whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of White nationalism in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of White supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of White supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ:Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart

Provocative and much needed, this book will probably upset everyone who reads it in some way, which is a good thing-because if we aren't upset, we're probably not paying very much attention. -Julie J. Park, Associate Professor of Education at the University of Maryland The authors of White Jesus have written a book for our time. As Christians, especially in the United States, wrestle with their public witness, this book analyzes the architecture of a theology steeped in Whiteness. It challenges readers to consider how a concept so central to Christianity-salvation by faith in Jesus Christ-can be affected by our socio-cultural location and how it even affects the way we craft material culture to reinforce a racially slanted view of the good news. White Jesus should give all of us a certain humility when it comes to theology as we consider the ways we have conflated religion and race and inculcated such ideas through our educational institutions. Although lament is a proper response to this book, so is the sense of hope that comes with realizing that change is possible. -Jemar Tisby, President of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education is a book that deals with the religion of whiteness and its discontents. A very ambitious text, White Jesus seeks to correct the many harms and long-standing traumas that whiteness as religion has inflicted upon non-white peoples all over the world. Concerned with dismantling white supremacy, it correctly identifies the marriage between whiteness and Christianity as the starting point for such an endeavor. The authors of this book do an excellent job in dissecting and criticizing the many layers of white religion. From architecture to higher education to missions to liturgy to the ideologies of empire, the historical, cultural, and institutional entanglements of whiteness and Christianity are laid bare. The gravity of whiteness and Christianity will force readers to rethink Catholicism, the legacies of the Protestant Reformation, and biblical texts. White audiences, particularly white Christians, who avail themselves to a critique of whiteness and Christian identity, will be compelled to reimagine whiteness and Christian identity. White Jesus is a timely text that speaks to our contemporary context, where a global resurgence of white nationalism, in the United States, Europe, and other parts of the world, is reproducing the many problems this book seeks to overcome. I highly recommend White Jesus; it is a necessary book for our times. -Ronald B. Neal, Department for the Study of Religions at Wake Forest University For years, I have puzzled over the gaping chasm that so often divides the teachings of Jesus from the practice of white American Christians on matters of race and social justice-a chasm that led Frederick Douglass to affirm in 1845 that `between the Christianity of this land, and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference;' a chasm that prompted millions of white American Christians in the 1960s to enroll their children in `Christian' schools so they could avoid attending school with blacks; and a chasm that, in 2016, allowed some 80% of white evangelical Christians to vote for a man with a long record of racism as president of the United States. This conundrum is so bizarre it simply makes no sense unless we admit to the truth embodied in this book-that we have painted Jesus white, God white, and salvation white. And because our religion is our ultimate concern, we have also painted white the deepest recesses of our hopes, our fears, and our loves. Why then should we be surprised to discover the weeds of racism, deeply rooted and flourishing in the garden of the American church? -Richard T. Hughes, author of Myths America Lives By: White Supremacy and the Stories That Give Us Meaning I loved this book! In this interdisciplinary resource, the authors powerfully show that White Jesus isn't an innocuous inaccuracy. Rather, it is a powerful cornerstone of white supremacy and must be seen for the poison that it is. Drawing connections between historical events, theological affirmations and current, real-world examples of white supremacy in Christianity, this book illuminates the many ways in which White Jesus is the enemy, not the savior, of the world. Every Christian influencer-especially clergy, lay leaders, and scholars-should read this book. I know it'll be required reading in the seminary courses I teach for years to come! -Christena Cleveland, author of Disunity in Christ: Uncovering the Hidden Forces That Keep Us Apart In the age of Trump, Americans have allowed a populist jingoism and white supremacy to dominate the conversation on race, even among Christians. American Evangelicals seem to excuse this dysfunctional intersection between a broken culture and God's people. How did we get here? This text provides insight into the blueprint of how this dominating and dominant architecture came into being. By understanding this architecture, we may even have the possibility of plotting a way forward that shirks the white captivity of American Christianity. This work does not allow for simple reductionism, memes, or sound bites. It calls for a critical and intellectual engagement of the topic in ways that could change us. An important and significant contribution to a growing field of study. -Soong-Chan Rah, Milton B. Engebretson Professor of Church Growth and Evangelism at North Park Theological Seminary and author of The Next Evangelicalism and Prophetic Lament

Author Information

Alexander Jun is a professor of higher education at Azusa Pacific University. He earned a Ph.D. in higher education at the Rossier School of Education at the University of Southern California. Tabatha L. Jones Jolivet is an assistant professor in the Department of Higher Education at Azusa Pacific University. She holds a Ph.D. in education from Claremont Graduate University. Allison N. Ash is Dean of Student Care and Graduate Student Life at Wheaton College. She earned a Ph.D. in higher education from Azusa Pacific University. Christopher S. Collins is an associate professor of higher education at Azusa Pacific University and earned a Ph.D. in higher education and organizational change at UCLA.

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