Overview

What is the ultimate explanatory factor for the existence of the world, for all its changing phenomena and the enduring order found in it? In the history of Western thought, we can find a longstanding philosophical tendency to answer this question in terms of power: the universe is understood as an ordered whole produced by a rational power, that is, by the power of reason. That power is thought to be active in the sense of being capable of existing and acting ‘in itself’ as an infinite, eternal, and unchangeable cause of the world. The essays in this collection discuss the idea of active power in the world-explanations of Plato, the Stoics, Neoplatonism, early and late medieval scholasticism, Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, and Schopenhauer.

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Juhani Pietarinen, Ph.D. (1972) in Philosophy, University of Helsinki, is Professor Emeritus of Practical Philosophy at the University of Turku. He is the coeditor of Perspectives on Human Conduct (1988), Genes and Morality (1999) and Philosophy and Biodiversity (2004), and the author of various articles on ethics and history of philosophy. Valtteri Viljanen, Ph.D. (2007) in Philosophy, University of Turku, is Academy of Finland Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Turku. He is the author of Spinoza's Dynamics of Being: The Concept of Power and its Role in Spinoza's Metaphysics (2007) and of various articles on history of philosophy, especially on Spinoza.

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