Overview

Any change has an impact on research. The subject is constantly being challenged by the evolution of its patterns of action, and the scientific object under investigation is explored through methodological development. In most scientific subjects within the Humanities, Social Sciences and Technical Sciences, phenomena occur within a dynamic system that is cyclical, semi-cyclical or spiral. These phenomena are explained by the accumulation or combination of events, the result of a causal chain evolving towards a specific outcome. The proposed methodological frameworks are tested against their own standards. The measurement often applied to the phenomenon, with requirements for exhaustive sampling, is difficult to justify when an event or sub-phenomenon proves to be more decisive than the observed whole. Our cyclical, semi-cyclical and spiral approach explores scientific objects by identifying significant events to the point of exhaustiveness and by justifying the trajectories of causal chains-whether centred, diffuse or evolving over time and space. Do not look for a scientific method in this approach; it rejects predefined standards.

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9786630064780

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