Overview

The Politics of Religious Party Change examines the ideological change and secularization of religious political parties and asks: when and why do religious parties become less anti-system? In a comparative analysis, the book traces the striking similarities in the historical origins of Islamist and Catholic parties in the Middle East and Western Europe, chronicles their conflicts with existing religious authorities, and analyzes the subsequently divergent trajectories of Islamist and Catholic parties. In examining how religious institutional structures affect the actions of religious parties in electoral politics, the book finds that centralized and hierarchical religious authority structures - such as the Vatican - incentivize religious parties to move in more pro-system, secular, and democratic directions. By contrast, less centralized religious authority structures - such as in Sunni Islam - create more permissive environments for religious parties to be anti-system and more prone to freely-formed parties and hybrid party movements.

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9781009170741

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Reviews

'Religious parties around the world, such as the Muslim Brotherhood associated parties of the Arabic-speaking counties, or the Christian Democratic parties of Western Europe, all began their lives as traditionalist organizations fervently opposed to the expansion of personal freedoms and deeply skeptical of political democracy. And yet some of these parties evolved not just to accommodate themselves to these things, but to actively champion them, while others remained as they were, tilting against the social and cultural change and waging war on modernity itself. In explaining this difference, A.Kadir Yildirim has produced a model of comparative social science and an instant classic in the study of religion and politics.' Tarek Masoud, Harvard University 'In this innovative and deeply comparative analysis, A.Kadir Yildirim shows how political Islam and political Catholicism diverged from their common anti-system stances. Different degrees of centralization, hierarchy, and internal competition meant that Islamic political parties would have greater freedom to persist as anti-system parties, while Catholic parties eventually embraced democracy. For students of religion and politics, and of partisan politics, this is a must-read.' Anna Grzymala-Busse, Stanford University 'Yildirim has written a compelling and insightful book on the role of institutionalized religious authority in shaping the divergent secular patterns of Catholic and Islamist parties. Yildirim argues that centralized religious Catholic authority facilitated secular developments among Catholic parties, whereas the decentralized nature of Islamic religious authority impeded secularization among Islamic parties. The book relies on carefully well-researched case studies from the Middle East and Europe and puts forth a nuanced account of secularization patterns across Islam and Catholicism.' Amaney Jamal, Princeton University 'Religious parties are often studied on a case-by case basis even though they arise in many different societies and various faith traditions. By viewing them comparatively, Yildirim uncovers how their relationship with two other actors-formal religious authorities and the broad social movements that spawn them-shape their political trajectory.' Nathan Brown, Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, George Washington University

Author Information

A. Kadir Yildirim is Fellow for the Middle East at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. He holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the Ohio State University.

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