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This dissertation, The Planning and Monitoring of Subtainable Transport Development With Accessibiligy Gap Index Using GIS by Ching-wa, Rebecca, Kwok, 郭清華, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled The Planning and Monitoring of Sustainable Transport Development with Accessibility Gap Index Using GIS submitted by Kwok Ching Wa Rebecca for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in October 2001 With the growth of the economy, there is rising need for transport with increasing pressure on the environment. It will be unsustainable environmentally, socially and economically if this trend continues. To monitor the trend, various types of sustainability indicators have been developed. Most of these indicators measure the outcomes or results of the final transport provisions. Indicators that can help planners perform the overall transport planning are rare. The first objective of this study is therefore to develop a more comprehensive index that can indicate whether the transport development trend of a city is becoming more sustainable or not. The second objective is to examine how the index can be applied for the purpose of transport planning. Finally, a case study for Hong Kong will be carried out to demonstrate how the above objectives can be achieved. To tackle the problem of unsustainable transport development, many scholars, governments and international institutes have adopted a very similar approach, which is to improve public transport over private transport and to promote higher density of land use especially around areas served by public transport. Based on this strategy, an indicator has been developed in the present study to monitor and to set a direction for transport planning so that more sustainable transport development can be achieved. i Since both land use and transport provision are the major factors that shape travel behaviour, the concept of accessibility consisting of both land use and transport provision should be of prime consideration during transport planning. Improving the accessibility by public transport over that of private transport can encourage more trips by transit. Furthermore, a higher accessibility by public transport may also be due to a higher density of land use especially in areas near public transport routes. In this way, the gap between the accessibilities by public and private transport, defined as the Modal Accessibility Gap (MAG), can suggest whether the region has adopted the strategy of promoting public transport and higher density of land use. Comparing the MAG for two different eras can reflect whether a region' s transport development is moving towards a higher density of land use and a more favourable network of public transport over private transport. Both these two factors can reveal whether the transport development is shifting towards the sustainable direction or not. In order to determine the accessibility by both public and private transport modes, a series of programming modules, making use of the programming language of geographical information systems (GIS) and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), have been developed in the present study. The accessibility indices for Hong Kong, based on land use and transport conditions in 1991 and 1996, have been compared using this method. The result shows that transport development in 1996 is less sustainable than that in 1991, which is consistent with the empirical figures obtained regarding the cost of public and private m

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