Overview

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Methyl farnesoate (MF) is a natural compound that is found in crustaceans such as crab and is known to have anti-cancer properties. Studies have shown that MF can target breast cancer cells by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of these cells. MF has been found to target several signaling pathways that are known to play a role in the development of breast cancer. One of the pathways targeted by MF is the MAPK/ERK pathway, which is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. MF has been found to inhibit the activity of this pathway, leading to the inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. Another pathway targeted by MF is the PI3K/Akt pathway, which is also involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. MF has been found to inhibit the activity of this pathway, leading to the inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. In addition, MF has also been found to target the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. MF has been found to inhibit the activity of this pathway, leading to the inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. Overall, MF has shown to be a promising compound for the targeting of breast cancer, by inhibiting several signaling pathways which are known to be involved in the development and progression of the disease. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of MF and to determine its potential as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer. Breast cancer (BC) is one of the world's leading causes of cancer-associated mortalities. According to GLOBOCAN, 2.1 million females were diagnosed with BC in 2018, accounting for 11.6 % of total cancer patients. As per this report, BC is nearly 1 in 4 cancer cases amongst women. The frequency of new cases of BC is raising in the majority of countries. Worldwide, the incidence of BC ranked one among the women cancers (Siegel et al., 2020). The prevalence rate of BC is very high in both transitioned and transitioning countries compared to other cancers due to risk factors associated with menstruation, reproduction, intake of hormones, nutrition, and anthropometry, postponement of childbearing, etc. Also, the prevalence rate of BC is rising in successive generations of high-risk populations. The characterization of pathophysiology and treatment of BC is highly challenging due to heterogeneous nature. They have rapid visceral as well as distant metastatic ability. Even some subtypes of BCs are highly aggressive and have unique proliferation markers, endocrine receptors, and epidermal growth factor receptors. They differ in cellular growth, mRNA translation energy metabolism and cell-cell communication.

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