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Author:   Philippe Eynaud ,  Genauto Carvalho de França Filho
Publisher:   Springer International Publishing AG
Imprint:   Palgrave Macmillan
Edition:   1st ed. 2023
Weight:   0.483kg
ISBN:  

9783031275678

ISBN 10:   3031275675
Pages:   256
Publication Date:   13 April 2023
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
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Table of Contents

IntroductionScientists have already given us all the facts needed to anticipate and respond to the major globalcrisis that is looming. Their findings clearly demonstrate that our standard economic model is notsustainable because of the many negative externalities it produces and its major impact on globalwarming and biodiversity. It is also unsustainable for the inequalities it feeds and which weaken 3the very foundations of our democracies. Its two unsustainabilities unfortunately combine. Globalwarming reinforces economic inequalities by triggering climate migrations that are difficult tomanage. Economic inequalities make large sections of the population more precarious,condemning them to not being able to afford the equipment and clean technologies needed to facethe climate challenges. This scissor effect is detrimental to the ecological and social transitionbecause it complicates important decisions based on consensus. If the transition does not involvea violent rupture, it does indeed presuppose a shared desire for change. The question now is howto generate and organize it. In this context, the ambition of this book is actually to open new avenuesfor management.Chapter 1 - Solidarity: an unthought in organizational theoryThe history of management is not univocal. There are several competing histories that can accountfor the birth of the discipline. However, among these histories, one dominates North Americanhistory. Consequently, diversion via the North American continent is essential to understand thecurrent logics at work in managerial thought. Beyond the language barrier, there is of course acultural filter that renders invisible experiences in non-English speaking countries. The major rolenow played by Anglo-Saxon academic journals through international rankings, such a prism ishighly damaging to the diversity of knowledge and pluralism. By reducing the history of thought toa narrow cultural and geographical thread, our collective ability to understand the present andcreatively address the future is impaired. It is time to read (or to read again) important andforgotten authors of solidarity history to rethink a more sustainable economic system. To build acounter-history of management, we highlight crucial non-Anglo-Saxon authors such as Leroux,Bourgeois, Tocqueville, Tönnies, Mauss, Durkheim, Walras, Gide, and Guerreiro Ramos. At thebeginning of the 21st century, the economic equation could no longer be reduced to opposition orcomplementarity between the market and the state. At the institutional level, many countries haveyet to recognize the importance of another field through framework laws and specific publicpolicies: the social, popular, and solidarity economy. This emergence of a third actor in the fieldis the result of numerous tensions and a double incompleteness. On the one hand, the States are nolonger able to play the regulatory role of the social State of the Thirty Glorious Years. On the otherhand, market logics are not able to guarantee the sustainability of their economic model.Consequently, there is a need for new solidarities to refound public action and to reshapemanagement models.Chapter 2 - (Re)organizing solidarityThe classical and orthodox vision of a market economy centered on the question ofentrepreneurship has strongly influenced the conceptual framework of organization theory. Thepresuppositions of methodological individualism have actually largely thwarted the possibility ofpluralism within this field. In this second chapter, we propose to go beyond this mere observationby analysing the required conditions for bridging together the organizational and solidaritydimensions. Polanyi's theoretical proposition gives us the first step to rethink economy with theconcept of substantive economy. For this author, the substantive meaning comes indeed from man'smanifest dependence on nature for his subsistence, and the necessity to enlarge our vision ofeconomy to reciprocity and redistribution logics. Deepening Polanyi’s perspective, Guerreiro 4Ramos provides a new theory of organizations by claiming the existence of substantive rationality.Based on the work of the Frankfurt school, he extends the Polanyian approach into theorganizational field. This author is essential because he warns us about the risk to have a uniquemodel for managing the organizations. He claims the importance to keep the diversity oforganizational forms inside a new field that he calls the para-economy.Chapter 3 - (Re) Solidarizing organizationsIn this chapter, we are looking for the means to (re)solidarize organizations. To do this, we analyzedifferent forms and examples of democratic governance likely to activate such processes at theheart of organizations. We show that this (re)solidarization of organizations favors the possibilityof a reconciliation between economic and social perspectives. Solidarity cannot be introduced intoorganizations by using usual management techniques or instruments. If we consider the solidarityeconomy as the project to democratize the economy, solidarity management is defined analogouslyas the project to democratize the organization. Consequently, the relevant perspective forconsidering the strengthening of solidarity in organizations is that of inclusive management tools,multi-stakeholder governance and a close attention to the making of social innovation and socialtransformation. It induces processes of change that can contribute to the construction of aparticipatory political culture within the organization in order to foster autonomy, freedom ofexpression, self-management and self-organization. Studies show that social innovation is neverconceived independently of the socio-cultural, socio-economic or socio-political characteristics,and of the local context of insertion. One of the objectives of the solidarity management is thereforeto embrace social innovation, actors and territory. This can be achieved through networkedcooperation strategies, the promotion of solidarity development, and new institutionalrelationships.Chapter 4 – In search of solidarity-based managementThis chapter is an opportunity to bridge two academic literatures that are both rich for definingsolidarity-based management. The first is South American. It is the Brazilian school of thought onsocial management. In line with the French solidarist authors, it is a conceptual and practicalresponse from a country characterized for a long time by strong inequalities. The second is NorthAmerican. It is about the management of the commons. This school of thought is in line with thework of Ostrom, and initially starts from the problems of preserving natural spaces. We show howthese two schools of thought differ and complement each other. These two proposals help us definethe field of a solidarity-based management as a support of the ecological and social transition. Forthis to happen, it seems necessary to develop research in conjunction with practitioners of the socialand solidarity economy, and to identify the new borders of a management oriented toward publicaction and general interest. Thus, it is desirable to open up and deepen organizational thinkingbeyond the firm. Interest can be shown in particular in non-capitalist organizations (associations,cooperatives, mutuals). This interest needs to be translated into dedicated research that is the onlyway to prevent the inappropriate reuse of corporate management concepts. The objective istherefore to develop a plurality of organizational conceptual approaches in close relation to theplurality of non-market organizational forms. 5 ConclusionBridging concepts such as solidarity and organization augurs an important change for researchersin organization theory. It allows to consider the role of organizational phenomena in theconstruction of the world, to rethink the ethics of collective activity, and to propose managementand organizational models more respectful of human beings and ecological balance. Theseperspectives imply critical theory, comprehensive approaches, epistemology of the South, and newinteractions between researchers and field actors. The defense of biodiversity and socio-diversityhave to be considered as a single and crucial issue to address. Based on a rich collection ofgrassroot initiatives, citizen’s experimentations, and social innovation examples, this book intends to provide new avenues for a management congruent with a convivial society and a renewed North-South dialogue. FYI Chapter one is attached to this proposal as sample material.

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Philippe Eynaud is Full Professor at Sorbonne Business School, University Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, France, and a researcher in the lab of IAE Paris-Sorbonne Business School. He has experience in the studies of civil society organizations, nonprofit management, social innovation, democratic governance, alternative digital platforms, solidarity-based economy, governance of the commons, and new forms of solidarity. He has published widely and is a board member of the international research networks EMES on social enterprise. Genauto Carvalho de França Filho is Full Professor at School of Administration of Federal University of Bahia, UFBA, Brazil, where he is coordinator of the Post-Graduate Center of Administration (NPGA-UFBA) and coordinator of the Tecnological Incubateur of Solidatity Economy (ITES/UFBA). He has experience in organizational studies, civil society and social management and his research is on the themes of solidarity-based economy, democratic governance, social and complementary currencies, social management, solidarity finance, social innovation and new forms of solidarity. He has published widely.

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