Overview

This book is a B&W copy of the government agency publication. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, STDs, are hidden epidemics of enormous health and economic consequence in the United States. They are hidden because many Americans are reluctant to address sexual health issues in an open way and because of the biologic and social characteristics of these diseases. All Americans have an interest in STD prevention because all communities are impacted by STDs and all individuals directly or indirectly pay for the costs of these diseases. STDs are public health problems that lack easy solutions because they are rooted in human behavior and fundamental societal problems. Indeed, there are many obstacles to effective prevention efforts. The first hurdle will be to confront the reluctance of American society to openly confront issues surrounding sexuality and STDs. Despite the barriers, there are existing individual- and community-based interventions that are effective and can be implemented immediately. That is why a multifaceted approach is necessary to both the individual and community levels. To successfully prevent STDs, many stakeholders need to redefine their mission, refocus their efforts, modify how they deliver services, and accept new responsibilities. In this process, strong leadership, innovative thinking, partnerships, and adequate resources will be required. The additional investment required to effectively prevent STDs may be considerable, but it is negligible when compared with the likely return on the investment. The process of preventing STDs must be a collaborative one. No one agency, organization, or sector can effectively do it alone; all members of the community must do their part. A successful national initiative to confront and prevent STDs requires widespread public awareness and participation and bold national leadership from the highest levels. Men in Adult Corrections Facilities-Among men entering 55 adult corrections facilities in 2010, positivity in men aged younger than 20 years (11.7%) was higher than the overall prevalence observed in adolescent males entering juvenile facilities (6.9%) (Figure CC). Chlamydia positivity decreased with age, from 11.7% for those aged younger than 20 years to 1.9% for those aged older than 34 years. Overall chlamydia positivity among adult men entering corrections facilities in 2010 was 6.7%. Women in Adult Corrections Facilities-Among women entering 32 adult corrections facilities in 2010, positivity was 6.9% (Figure CC). Chlamydia positivity decreased with age, from 15.3% for those aged younger than 20 years to 2.4% for those aged older than 34 years. Overall chlamydia positivity in women entering adult corrections facilities (6.9%) was substantially lower than that in adolescent females entering juvenile corrections facilities (15.3%). However, chlamydia positivity among women aged younger than 20 years entering adult corrections facilities was similar to that among women entering juvenile corrections facilities.

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