Overview

The freshwater resources are essential to sustain human life and economic development of the country as well. The present situation of freshwater crises is the result of the growing use and the depletion of the freshwater resources. The problem becomes much sever when it comes to tropical region countries due to heavy siltation. The systemic planning of water resources is the key to handle the consequences of water scarcity due to reservoir siltation. The enhanced strategies for long term water resource management demands the investigation of sediment deposition and related dredging initiatives. The tropical region countries witness monsoons within three months of a year, resulting in a high rate of flow during the period. The high rate of flow manifests as high siltation in the reservoirs which are created for storing water for the long dry spell post-monsoon season. The incessant siltation during the monsoon period over the years depletes the storage capacity of the reservoirs which are created at a very high cost and massive infrastructure investment. The government continues to spend huge sums each year for creating additional storage capacities, and in reality, most of the developed projects have not been yielding expected output, primarily due to under estimation of sedimentation problems. Reservoir sedimentation is one of the major issues affecting reservoir storage capacity more rapidly than initial estimation given the fact that in most cases there were no specific provisions for sediment management for long-term use and sustainability [1].

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