Overview

The manifold forms and uses of glass are becoming increasing- ly important in science, industry, and our personal lives. This constantly improving material interests a range of people extending beyond the relatively small number of glass experts. Naturally, questions arise as a result of this widespread interest. For this reason, we have heeded the publisher's suggestion to develop a glass primer which answers many questions and explains much of the terminology. The bases for this Schott Guide to Glass were the lecture manuscript, 'Glass Science for Designers' by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heinz Pfaender, and the Schott pamphlet, Concepts of Technical Glass from A to Z. The manuscript which evolved into this book was written by members of the Schott scientific staff. We thank all those involved in producing this reference work. The Schott Guide to Glass will give experts, interested amateurs, and those who work with glass a glimpse into the diversity of this fascinating material. Mainz, Germany, September 1995 The editor Schott Glaswerke Introduction Glass is possibly the oldest man-made material, used without interruption since the beginning of recorded history. Unlike bronze or iron, however, it has not lent its name to any historical epoch. Still, the use of glass from hand-blown goblets to electronic components has grown with the rise of the industrial era and greatly affects present life. Glassmaking has always been one of the few truly integrated manufacturing processes where native minerals are transformed into an incredible variety of finished products within a single factory.

Full Product Details

Author:   Heinz G. Pfaender
Publisher:   Chapman and Hall
Imprint:   Chapman and Hall
Edition:   2nd Revised edition
Weight:   0.333kg
ISBN:  

9780412719608

ISBN 10:   0412719606
Pages:   208
Publication Date:   01 November 1995
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print  
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Table of Contents

1 The history of glass.- 1.1 Glass in Egypt.- 1.2 A revolution in technology: the glassblowing pipe.- 1.3 Glass in the period of the Roman Empire.- 1.4 From luxury product to everyday item.- 1.5 The role of Venice.- 1.6 Glass in Germany.- 1.7 From art nouveau to modern glass design.- 1.8 On the path to glass technology.- 1.9 Otto Schott - founder of modern glass technology.- 1.10 Glassmaking in the USA (rough outline).- 1.11 Glass all over the world.- 2 Glass, the material.- 2.1 What is glass?.- 2.2 General characteristics of the glassy state.- 2.3 Broad classification of glass types.- 2.3.1 Soda-lime glasses.- 2.3.2 Lead glasses.- 2.3.3 Borosilicate glasses.- 2.3.4 Special glasses.- 2.4 Raw materials for the manufacture of glass.- 2.4.1 Soda ash.- 2.4.2 Glauber's salt.- 2.4.3 Potash.- 2.4.4 Lime.- 2.4.5 Alumina.- 2.4.6 Lead oxides.- 2.4.7 Barium oxide.- 2.4.8 Boron compounds.- 2.4.9 Coloring agents.- 2.4.10 Opacifiers.- 2.4.11 Glass recycling.- 2.4.12 The batch.- 3 The glassmelt.- 3.1 Melting furnaces and melting tanks.- 3.1.1 Pot melting.- 3.1.2 Tank melting.- 3.1.3 Tank construction.- 3.1.4 Materials for furnace construction.- 3.2 Fuels.- 3.2.1 Gas.- 3.2.2 Fuel oil.- 3.2.3 Electricity.- 3.2.4 Heating.- 3.3 The melting process.- 3.3.1 Primary melting.- 3.3.2 Refining.- 3.3.3 Conditioning.- 3.3.4 Refining in a tank furnace.- 3.3.5 Heat consumption in glass melting.- 3.3.6 Batch feeding.- 3.3.7 Melting defects.- 3.3.8 The sol-gel. process.- 4 Flat glass.- 4.1 The production and use of common types of flat glass.- 4.1.1 Rolled (or cast) glass.- 4.1.2 Window and plate glass.- 4.1.3 Plate glass.- 4.1.4 Float glass.- 4.2 Technical identification of soda-lime flat glasses.- 4.3 Other types of flat glass.- 4.3.1 Antique glass.- 4.3.2 Flashed glass.- 4.4 Processed flat glass.- 4.4.1 Glasses with altered radiation, heat and sound transmission characteristics (solar, thermal and sound insulation).- 4.4.2 Non-reflective glasses.- 4.4.3 Reflective flat glasses.- 4.4.4 Other surface finishing techniques for flat glass.- 4.4.5 Safety glass.- 4.4.6 Fire-resisting glass.- 5 Hollowware and glass tubing.- 5.1 The most important types of hollowware.- 5.2 The shaping of hollowware.- 5.2.1 The mouth-blowing process.- 5.2.2 Machine blowing.- 5.2.3 Pressing.- 5.2.4 Extrusion.- 5.2.5 Spinning (centrifuging).- 5.3 The drawing process for glass tubing.- 5.3.1 Other tube drawing processes.- 5.4 Finishing of hollowware.- 5.4.1 Torch blowing (lampworking).- 5.4.2 Industrial hollowware processing.- 5.4.3 Insulating vessels.- 5.4.4 Glass jewelry.- 5.5 Container glass.- 5.5.1 Beverage bottles.- 5.5.2 Bottling jars.- 5.6 Glass tableware.- 5.6.1 Breakdown of tableware by glass type.- 5.7 Other hollowware.- 5.7.1 Hollow structural glass.- 5.7.2 Lighting glass.- 5.7.3 Laboratory glass and medical hollowware.- 5.8 Finishing of hollowware.- 5.8.1 Finishing in the hot state.- 5.8.2 Finishing in the cold state - glass removing processes.- 5.8.3 Surface coating processes.- 6 Special glasses and their uses.- 6.1 Fused silica (fused quartz or quartz glass).- 6.2 Borosilicate glasses for industrial and laboratory use.- 6.2.1 Laboratory equipment.- 6.2.2 Glass process plant.- 6.3 Pharmaceutical glass.- 6.4 Glasses for electrotechnology and electronics.- 6.4.1 Sealing glasses.- 6.4.2 Glasses for television tubes.- 6.4.3 Glasses for X-ray tubes, transmitting and image-intensifying tubes.- 6.4.4 Glasses for soldering and passivation.- 6.4.5 Sintered glass parts.- 6.4.6 Glasses for high-voltage insulators.- 6.4.7 Ultrasonic delay lines.- 6.4.8 Electron conductive glasses.- 6.4.9 Lamp glasses.- 6.5 Electrode glasses.- 6.6 Optical and ophthalmic glass.- 6.6.1 Properties and classification of optical glasses.- 6.6.2 Transmission of radiation; color filters.- 6.6.3 Ophthalmic glass (spectacle glass).- 6.6.4 Special optical glasses for nuclear technology and radiation research.- 6.6.5 The manufacture of optical glass.- 6.6.6 Microspheres.- 6.7 Glass fiber.- 6.7.1 Insulating glass fibers.- 6.7.2 Fiberglass textiles.- 6.7.3 Glass fiber optics.- 6.8 Glass-ceramics.- 6.9 Porous glass and foam glass.- 6.10 A glance into the future.- 7 Environmental protection in the glass melting process.- 7.1 Glass melting.- 7.1.1 Solid particle emissions.- 7.1.2 Gaseous emissions.- 7.1.3 Flue gas dust collection.- 7.2 Waste disposal.- 8 Glass an an economic factor.- Glass museums.- Explanation of physical symbols and units.- Attenuation of radiation.- Technical literature on glass.

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