Overview

Caries is a continuous, unidirectional process of demineralization of the mineral phase along with cyclic events of demineralization and remineralization. The remineralization process is a natural repair mechanism to restore the minerals back in ionic forms to the hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystal lattice. It occurs under near neutral physiological pH conditions where calcium and phosphate mineral ions are re-deposited within the caries affected lesion from saliva and plaque fluid resulting in the formation of newer HAP crystals, which are more resistant to acid dissolution. Numerous types of remineralizing agents and techniques are being used clinically with significantly predictable positive results.

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