Overview

This study provides a comprehensive technical review of regulatory queries and product recalls of nutraceuticals across ten countries, highlighting differences in definitions, regulatory frameworks, and recall procedures. Nutraceuticals, including dietary supplements, functional foods, and herbal products, have gained global importance due to their role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, lack of harmonized regulations leads to safety, quality, and compliance challenges. The research analyzes recall data from 2019 to 2021 in regions such as America, Australia, Canada, Singapore, New Zealand, UK, China, and Europe. Key causes of recalls include contamination, mislabeling, undeclared ingredients, adulteration, and safety concerns. Each country adopts different mechanisms for recalls, ranging from premarket approval systems (e.g., Canada, China) to post-market surveillance (e.g., USA). The comparison reveals common global trends in recalls, while also underlining gaps in harmonization, consumer safety measures, and enforcement. The findings emphasize the urgent need for stricter international guidelines and collaborative efforts to ensure the quality and safety.

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