Overview

The subject matter encompasses psychological effects, Behavioral Laws, and Cognitive Phenomena. 1. Psychological Effects Exploring numerous key, well-researched Psychological Effects-systematic tendencies or mental shortcuts that influence how we perceive and interact with the world around us. From the Primacy Effect (why first impressions stick) to the Dunning-Kruger Effect (how the least competent often overestimate their ability), these phenomena also show how our minds frequently deviate from objective, analytical reasoning. Each effect is explained with an overview (framework, including definition, origin, important classical experiments, and significance), accompanied by examples from real life and modern applications or implications in various fields. Readers will learn not only what these effects, Laws, and phenomena are, but also why they happen-and how to become more aware of them in oneself and others. The last-mentioned provides the basis for piloting one's life. 2. Behavioral Laws The book also, secondarily, presents important, key Behavioral principles or Laws that describe consistent, recognizable patterns in human behavior. These include concepts such as: Hick's Law (How the number of choices increases decision time); Fitts's Law (How our motor responses relate to distance and target size, with implications for interface engineered design); Parkinson's Law (""Work expands to fill the time available for its completion;"" The Law of Diminishing Returns (How satisfaction or efficiency decreases after a certain point of effort or input). By understanding these Behavioral Laws, one can better comprehend the interface between the self and the environment, as well as workflows and interpersonal relationships, thereby improving outcomes and reducing cognitive dissonance, confirmation bias, conflict, and friction. 3. Cognitive Phenomena Interwoven are cognitive biases, heuristics (mental shortcuts or rules of thumb), and brain processes that influence, color, and tone our judgment. These include Cognitive Dissonance (The discomfort one experiences when our actions and beliefs are misaligned and in conflict); Confirmation Bias (A tendency to favor information that supports our beliefs, while ignoring or discounting information that contradicts them); The Availability Heuristic (Judging the probability of an event or occurrence based on how easily something comes to mind - the concept of ""top of mind"" comes to mind), and more. More than a listing of Effects, Laws, and Phenomena, this book integrates background information, significance, definition, origin, pertinent classical experiments, theoretical concepts, implications, applications, and examples. The aforementioned impact on emotion, memory, attention, learning, deliberative reasoning, critical thinking, persuasion, problem-solving, and decision-making. The Appendix section, comprising four sections, describes Phrenology (Appendix I), Anatomical Correlates In The Brain: Psychological Effects, Behavioral Laws, and Cognitive Phenomena (Appendix II), Quantum Cognition (Appendix III) and, a visual tour of select Effects, laws and Phenomena (Appendix Four). In an age overwhelmed by information overload, disinformation, and gaslighting (also, the pressing exigency of rapid problem-solving and decision-making, and cognitive ""short-circuiting"") - understanding how our minds work (and don't work) is more important than ever. This publication pairs with two companion books by the same Author (Critical Thinking2 - A Force Multiplier (2024)) and Logical Fallacies The Utility of Logic and Argumentation (2024).

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Dr. Jerry J. Marty received his medical degree (M.D.) in 1976 from Wayne State University School of Medicine in Detroit, Michigan. After that, he completed six postgraduate years of training at Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Postgraduate Year one), Strong Memorial Hospital/University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Postgraduate Years two to three, and five to six) and completed an additional year in straight Internal Medicine at Saint Joseph's University Hospital -VA Medical Center/Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska (Postgraduate Year four). An eight (8) week Fellowship in Forensic Pathology was taken under the direction and tutelage of Dr. Werner Spitz, Co-Author of the reputed bible of Forensic Pathology Medicolegal Investigation of Death (now in its 5th Edition, 2020) at The Detroit Medical Examiner's Office in Detroit, Michigan, lamentably a designated murder capital of the United States, at that time. A Visiting Fellowship in Clinical Cytology and Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) was subsequently undertaken in the fall of 1989 under the World-renowned Dr. Torsten Lowhagen at the Karolinska Hospital and Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. The author is Board-certified in Anatomic, Clinical, and Cyto-Pathology with a sub-specialization in Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Cytology. He has authored several publications in peer-reviewed medical journals and two separate Book Chapters in his field of expertise, specifically in Cytopathology and Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Cytology. Among his earlier responsibilities, Dr. Marty held teaching positions at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, and later at the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine and Pharmacy (now Northeast Ohio University College of Medicine, NEOMED), Rootstown, Ohio. A Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree from the George Washington University School of Business (GWSB) in Washington, D.C., was conferred on May 17, 2009. Dr. Marty's most recent professional position until 2016 was as Chairman of Pathology and Medical Director of Laboratories at MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center (MFSMC), a three hundred seventy-eight (378) bed Joint Commission (JC) accredited hospital facility in Baltimore, Maryland (one of ten Hospitals comprising MedStar Health across Baltimore, central Maryland, Washington, D.C., and southern Maryland). Dr. Marty is based in the United States and enjoys travel, photography, and Chess when not working.

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