Overview

This work studies the release of chemicals into the environment and the processes and pathways by which they reach sites of toxic action within the environment. The properties of chemicals are discussed in the second chapter, and their release into the environment, whether naturally or by industrial processes or accidents, and their subsequent environmental pathways are covered in Chapter three. Having entered the environment a chemical is potentially subject to a wide range of processes which may completely eliminate it from the environment, modify it into another more or less harmful substance, or transfer it to another part of the environment. These processes are considered within soil, aquatic and atmospheric environments. Environmental modelling is a method in predicting the toxic effect of chemicals in the environment and of enabling the assessment of environmental hazards and the appropriate control measure to be defined. Modelling strategies are covered in Chapter four. In presenting methods and principles which can be used in predicting and understanding the fate of chemicals in the environment, this volume should be of interest to all environmental and pollution scientists, laboratory chemists and analysts, and those working in governmental environmental monitoring agencies and industrial personnel concerned with waste disposal.

Full Product Details

Author:   Y. Samiullah
Publisher:   Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Imprint:   Kluwer Academic Publishers
Edition:   1990 ed.
Dimensions:   Width: 15.50cm , Height: 1.80cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   1.320kg
ISBN:  

9781851664504

ISBN 10:   1851664505
Pages:   285
Publication Date:   30 June 1990
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print  
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Table of Contents

1 Introduction.- 2 Fundamental Properties of Chemicals.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Molecular and molar properties.- 2.3. Partition coefficients.- 2.4. Partition coefficient and bioconcentration.- 3 Chemical Release and Environmental Pathways.- 3.1. Natural phenomena.- 3.2. Human activities.- 3.3. Manufacturing processes.- 3.4. Physical form and source description.- 3.5. Estimating releases.- 3.6. Environmental pathways.- 4 Modelling Strategies.- 4.1. Modelling philosophy.- 4.2. Model categories.- 4.3. Material balance and dimensional analysis.- 4.4. Partitioning models.- 4.5. Fugacity.- 4.6. System design.- 4.7. Model evaluation.- 5 The Soil Environment.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Physical processes.- 5.3. Chemical processes.- 5.4. Mathematical models of soil systems.- 6 The Aquatic Environment.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. The hydrosphere.- 6.3. Physical processes.- 6.4. Chemical processes.- 6.5. Biodegradation..- 6.6. Mathematical models.- 7 The Atmospheric Environment.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Acidification pathways.- 7.3. Atmospheric sink mechanisms.- 7.4. Atmospheric residence time.- 7.5. Atmospheric dispersion modeling.- 8 Conclusions.- References and Bibliography.

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