Overview

Polyurethanes in Biomedical Applications studies the use of polyurethanes in implanted medical devices. This analysis describes the concepts of polymer science, the manufacture of polyurethanes, and the biological responses to implant polyurethanes, reflecting the developments in biomaterials science and the interdisciplinary nature of bioengineering.

Full Product Details

Author:   NinaM.K. Lamba ,  Kimberly A. Woodhouse (University of Toronto) ,  Stuart L. Cooper (Ohio State University)
Publisher:   Taylor & Francis Inc
Imprint:   CRC Press Inc
Dimensions:   Width: 17.40cm , Height: 2.10cm , Length: 24.60cm
Weight:   0.570kg
ISBN:  

9780849345173

ISBN 10:   0849345170
Pages:   288
Publication Date:   25 November 1997
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print  
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Table of Contents

Introduction Biomaterials Biocompatibility Biomedical Polymers Organization References The Chemistry of Polyurethane Copolymers Introduction History of Polyurethane Copolymers Polyurethane Copolymers Synthesis of Polyurethanes Isocyanate Chemistry Allophanate Reaction Biuret Formation Acylurea Isocyanurate Formation Uretidione Formation Carbodiimide Formation Catalysts Synthesis Media Raw Materials in Polyurethane Copolymer Synthesis Isocyanates Polyols Chain Extenders Linear Polyurethane Elastomer Synthesis Cross-Linked Polyurethane Copolymers Polyurethane Modification Bulk Modification of Polyurethanes Surface Modification of Polyurethanes Summary References Polyurethane Processing and Survey of Biomedical Polyurethanes Introduction Processing of Polyurethanes One-Dimensional Processes Two-Dimensional Processes Three-Dimensional Processes Sterilization Steam Sterilization Ethylene Oxide Sterilization Radiation Commercial and Experimental Polyurethanes References Bulk Characterization and Structure-Property Relationships of Polyurethanes Introduction States of Order and Thermal Transitions of Polymers Intermolecular Bonding in Polymers Mechanical Behavior Molecular Weight Structure of Polyurethanes Microphase Separation Morphological Models of Block Copolymers Molecular Orientation in Polyurethanes Hydrogen Bonding Cross-Linking The Effect of Polyurethane Chemistry on Physical Properties Characterization of Polyurethanes Gel Permeation Chromatography Infrared Spectroscopy Differential Scanning Calorimetry Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis Electron Microscopy Stress-Strain Properties and Ultimate Tensile Strength Solubility Tests Permeability and Extractability Electrical Properties Summary References Surface Characterization of Polyurethanes Introduction Surface Energy and Surface Tension Contact Angles Contact Angle Measurement Contact Angle Hysteresis Attenuated Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) ATR-FTIR Analysis of Polyurethanes Surface Spectroscopic Techniques X-Ray Photo-Electron Spectroscopy (XPS) Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) Surface Spectroscopic Studies of Polyurethanes Surface Morphology Surface Electrical Properties Summary References Introduction to Host Responses Introduction Protein Adsorption The First Event Coagulation System Fibrinolytic System Cells, Extracellular Matrix, and Cellular Interactions Platelets Erythrocytes Leukocytes The Extracellular Matrix Cell Receptors and Mediators Hemostasis and Thrombosis The Inflammatory Response Foreign Body Response Wound Healing Immune Response Innate Immunity Complement System Adaptive Immunity Summary References Host Responses to Polyurethanes Introduction Assessment of Host Biomaterial Interactions In Vitro Testing Ex Vivo Testing In Vivo Testing Clinical Testing Guidelines for Biological Testing of Materials Protein Adsorption onto Polyurethanes Albumin Fibrinogen Fibronectin Vitronectin Lipoproteins Coagulation System Fibrinolytic System Complement System The Vroman Effect Cellular Responses to Polyurethanes Platelets Leukocytes Thrombus Formation Soft Tissue Interactions Neointima Formation on Polyurethanes Immunological Response to Biomaterials Infection Summary References Degradation of Polyurethanes Introduction Mechanisms of Biodegradation Hydrolysis Oxidation Chemical Degradation Sterilization Biological Catalysis of Degradation Environmental Stress Cracking Impact of Polyurethane Structure on Biodegradation Other Mechanisms of Degradation Implant Location Toxicity and Carcinogenicity Calcification of Polyurethanes Biodegradable Polyurethanes Summary References Polyurethanes in Biomedical Applications Introduction Cardiovascular Applications Catheters Pacemaker Lead Insulation Vascular Prostheses Heart Valves Cardiac Assist Devices Artificial Organs Artificial Heart Hemodialysis Artificial Lung/Blood Oxygenation Hemoperfusion Artificial Pancreas Blood Tubing Blood Filters Tissue Replacement and Augmentation Breast Implants Wound Dressings Facial Reconstruction Adhesives Other Applications Artificial Ducts Contraceptives Controlled Drug Delivery Penile Prostheses Miscellaneous References Summary and Future Directions List of Abbreviations Index

Reviews

...an impressive updata of CRC's 1986 book entitled Polyurethanes in Medicine...the book serves as a valuable summary and is recommended for the practitioner using, or considering, polyurethanes. -David Hunkeler in Polymer News This is an exceptionally well written book that is expected to become the standard reference...Written in a very clear scientific way, this book provides a balance between chemistry and biology, covering not only chemical synthesis and methods of preparation but also material characterization, host response, degradation phenomena and application. Highly recommended. -Nicholas A. Peppas, Purdue University

""…an impressive updata of CRC's 1986 book entitled Polyurethanes in Medicine…the book serves as a valuable summary and is recommended for the practitioner using, or considering, polyurethanes."" -David Hunkeler in Polymer News ""This is an exceptionally well written book that is expected to become the standard reference...Written in a very clear scientific way, this book provides a balance between chemistry and biology, covering not only chemical synthesis and methods of preparation but also material characterization, host response, degradation phenomena and application. Highly recommended. -Nicholas A. Peppas, Purdue University

an impressive updata of CRC's 1986 book entitled Polyurethanes in Medicinethe book serves as a valuable summary and is recommended for the practitioner using, or considering, polyurethanes. -David Hunkeler in Polymer News This is an exceptionally well written book that is expected to become the standard reference...Written in a very clear scientific way, this book provides a balance between chemistry and biology, covering not only chemical synthesis and methods of preparation but also material characterization, host response, degradation phenomena and application. Highly recommended. -Nicholas A. Peppas, Purdue University

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NinaM.K. Lamba

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