Overview

Chronic-pain (CP) is an intractable, widespread problem, a complex interplay of psychophysiological factors with distinctive characteristics compared to acute-pain. Early life stress (ELS), detrimental experiences or inadequate nurturing in childhood, has been linked to disequilibrium in immunoendocrine and autonomic function and implicated in adult disease states including the diathesis for CP, potentially explaining disparate outcomes for equivalent physical injuries. This project aimed to improve ELS measurement by identifying bio-markers for an ELS bio-index. A critical review compared CP models and reported pathophysiology, with physiological alterations from ELS. A pilot study employing childhood-trauma and childhoodattachment measures in a continuous fashion was designed, that would collect repeated plasma (immunoendocrine), continuous autonomic (ECG, BP and GSR), psychological (mood, personality) and acute pain data, from a healthy non-clinical cohort exposed to twin (physical, psychological) stressors. The design enabled the evaluation of the association between ELS and the psychophysiological recordings.

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