Overview

A photon is an elementary excitation of a single mode of quantized electromagnetic radiation at a fixed point in space and time. The term photon was named by Gilbert Lewis in 1926 for the first time, and it has been used ever since. This complicated tale begins with Einstein's vision of light as an unbreakable collection of indivisible particles whose energy and momentum are conserved throughout their interaction with matter and continues through the rest of twentieth-century physics to the present day . In the intervening years, there has been a lot of debate over the need and appropriateness of such a notion. British physicists Robert Hanbury Brown and Richard Quentin Twiss presented an experiment in 1956, and this experiment is one of the most recognized physics experiments today, known as the Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) experiment . The findings of HBT then questioned and cast doubt on the idea of the photon hypothesis and asked for more research. Scientists at that time were surprised by the conclusions of the HBT experiment, which initiated a debate among the community of physicists that included Eric Brannen, Emil Wolf, Harry Ferguson, Peter Fellgett, Lajos Janossy, Richard Sillitto, Leonard Mandel, and Edward Purcell, as well as Hanbury Brown and Twiss themselves. In the 1950s, physicists continued to think of photons as indivisible particles and wave packets, but the HBT experiment prompted physicists to reconsider and reinterpret, or comprehend, the photon concept for the first time .

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