Overview

Written by two of the profession's most prominent midwifery leaders, this authoritative history of midwifery in the United States, from the 1600s to the present, is distinguished by its vast breadth and depth. The book spans the historical evolution of midwives as respected, autonomous health care workers and midwifery as a profession, and considers the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities for this discipline as enduring motifs throughout the text. It surveys the roots of midwifery, the beginnings of professional practice, the founding of educational institutions and professional organizations, and entry pathways into the profession. Woven throughout the text are such themes as the close link between midwives and the communities in which they live, their view of pregnancy and birth as normal life events, their efforts to promote health and prevent illness, and their dedication to serving women wherever they may be and in whatever health condition and circumstances they may be in. The text examines the threats to midwifery past and present, such as the increasing medicalization of childbearing care, midwifery's lack of a common identity based on education and practice standards, the inconsistencies in its legal recognition as a profession, and reimbursement issues for midwifery practice. Illustrations and historical photos depict the many facets of midwifery, and engaging stories provide cultural and spiritual context. This is a ""must-have"" for all midwives, historians, professional and educational institutions, and all those who share a passion for the history of midwifery and women. KEY FEATURES: Encompasses the most authoritative and comprehensive information available about the history of midwifery in the United States Considers the strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities for midwifery Illustrated with historical photos and drawings Includes engaging stories filled with cultural and spiritual content, introductory quotes to each chapter, and plentiful chapter notes Written by two preeminent leaders in the field of midwifery

Full Product Details

Author:   Helen Varney Burst, RN, CNM, MSN, DHL (Hon), FACNM ,  Joyce E. Thompson ,  E. Joyce
Publisher:   Springer Publishing Co Inc
Imprint:   Springer Publishing Co Inc
Edition:   2nd Revised edition
Dimensions:   Width: 17.80cm , Height: 2.80cm , Length: 25.40cm
Weight:   0.633kg
ISBN:  

9780826125378

ISBN 10:   0826125379
Pages:   528
Publication Date:   04 November 2015
Audience:   Adult education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Further / Higher Education ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
We will order this item for you from a manufactured on demand supplier.

Table of Contents

Contents Preface Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction Definitions, Titles, and Credentials Nurse-Midwives Lay, Empirical, Community, and Direct-Entry Midwives Midwifery and Midwives Through the Centuries Midwifery Models of Care The ACNM Midwifery Model of Care MANA: “The Midwives’ Model of Care™” Summary of Midwifery Models of Care SECTION I: EARLY HISTORY OF MIDWIFERY IN THE UNITED STATES (1600s–1940s) 1. The Early Voices of Midwives The Voices of Predecessor Midwives in Antiquity The Voices of Midwives in the Colonies (1607–1775) and Early History of the United States (1776−Mid-1800s) The Voices of Traditional African American Antebellum Slave Midwives (1619–1861) The Voices of Granny Midwives (Late 1800s−Mid-1900s) The Voices of Immigrant Midwives and Other Midwives in the Late 1800s and Early 1900s 2. Silencing the Early Voices of Midwives: 1600s to 1800s Advances in Knowledge and Exclusion of Midwives and Women From Learning Midwifery in Europe Study Abroad for Physicians and Their Takeover of Midwifery in the United States Development of Medical Schools and the Flexner Report Women in Medicine Professionalization of Medicine and the Specialty of Obstetrics Pain Relief During Childbirth: Ether and Chloroform 3. Silencing the Early Voices of Midwives (Late 1800s–Early 1900s) The “Midwife Problem” Legislation/Rules/Regulations and the Practice of Midwifery Nursing and Midwifery The Bellevue School for Midwives “Twilight Sleep” Professionalization of Nursing, Nursing Education, and Public Health Nursing Professionalization of Midwifery Needed to Survive 4. Silencing the Early Voices of Midwives (Late 1910s–Mid-1940s) Closure of the Bellevue School for Midwives Restrictive Legislation The Continuing Move Into Hospitals Silencing the Immigrant Japanese Sanba Midwives SECTION II: HISTORY OF EARLY NURSE-MIDWIFERY PRACTICE AND EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES (1920s–EARLY 1950s) 5. Nursing Roots Florence Nightingale Public Health Nursing Public Health Policies, Programs, and Public Health Nursing Children’s Bureau Prenatal Care Maternity Center Association Public Health Nurses as Midwives Sheppard–Towner Act 6. The Nurse-Midwife Starts Practicing (1920s–Early 1950s) Frontier Nursing Service Lobenstine Midwifery Clinic Practice of Early Nurse-Midwifery Education Program Graduates (1925–1954) Family-Centered Maternity Care and Natural Childbirth 7. Early Education for Nurse-Midwives (1920s–1954) Manhattan Midwifery School Lobenstine/Maternity Center Association Midwifery School Frontier Nursing School of Midwifery Tuskegee School of Nurse-Midwifery Dillard University Flint-Goodridge School of Nurse-Midwifery Catholic Maternity Institute School of Nurse-Midwifery and Catholic University of America SECTION III: HISTORY OF THE RESURGENCE OF COMMUNITY MIDWIVES AND EARLY EDUCATION PATHWAYS IN THE UNITED STATES (1960s–1980s) 8. Resurgence of Community Midwives Consumer Demand for Out-of-Hospital Birth Responses to Consumer Demands Midwife Responses to Consumer Demands Legal Responses to Consumer Demands Organizational Responses to Consumer Demands Variety of Lay Midwife Practitioners in the 1960s and 1970s Communication and Networking 9. Early Education Pathways for Community and Lay Midwives (1970s and 1980s) Apprentice Education: 1800s to 1970s Definitions Early History of Apprentice Education in Medicine Early History of Apprentice Education in Nursing Apprentice Education in Midwifery During the 1970s and Early 1980s Key Issues Related to Apprentice Education in Midwifery Academic Models of Lay/Community Midwife Education The Maternity Center at El Paso Training Program (1976) Arizona School of Midwifery (1977)–Tucson Seattle Midwifery School (1978) Utah College of Midwifery/Midwives College of Utah (1980)—Salt Lake City Northern Arizona College of Midwifery (1981) Maternidad La Luz (1987)—El Paso The Northern Arizona School of Midwifery (1988)—Flagstaff The New Mexico College of Midwifery (1989)/National College of Midwifery (1991)—Taos SECTION IV: DEVELOPMENT OF MIDWIFERY ORGANIZATIONS—LIFE-GIVING FORCES FOR MIDWIVES Introduction and Overview of Professionalism and Professionalization Definition and Characteristics of a Profession Key Characteristics of a Professional Professionalism and Professionalization  10. The American College of Nurse-Midwives Predecessor Organizations Founding of the American College of Nurse-Midwifery Organizational Development Incorporation The Seal of the American College of Nurse-Midwifery/Nurse-Midwives Mission Bylaws and Structure Presidents Headquarters/National Office Communication A.C.N.M. Foundation Awards Core Documents Definitions Philosophy Functions, Standards, and Qualifications Core Competencies ACNM Code of Ethics Peer Review Home Birth, Practice Settings, and Review of Clinical Practice Statement Documents  11. Midwives Alliance of North America Predecessor Organizations First International Conference of Practicing Midwives (January 14–16, 1977) National Midwives Association (June 1977) Second International Conference of Practicing Midwives (March 17−19, 1978) Meeting of CNMs and Non-Nurse Midwives (October 30, 1981) Founding of Midwives Alliance of North America Organizational Development MANA Goals First Convention and the MANA Process Mission Philosophy Bylaws Presidents Committee Structure Statistics and Research Committee Communication/Public Relations (Education) Committee Communication/MANA News Central Office Essential (Core) Documents Standards and Qualifications for the Art and Practice of Midwifery Core Competencies for Basic Midwifery Practice MANA Statement of Values and Ethics MANA Position Statements Descriptive Statistics Coda  12. National Association of Certified Professional Midwives Early History and Founding Organizational Development Purpose and Aim Board of Directors Standards Committee Practice Committee Core Documents Mission Philosophy and Principles of Practice Scope of Practice The Standards of Practice for NACPM Members Issue Brief: Certified Professional Midwives in the United States NACPM Website Coda SECTION V: HISTORY OF NURSE-MIDWIFERY PRACTICE AND EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES (1950s−1980s)  13. Nurse-Midwifery Practice (1950s–1980s) Nurse-Midwives Move Into Large City and University Medical Center Hospitals Psychoprophylaxis Technological Advances and the Continuing Quest for Pain Relief Nurse-Midwives Move Into Private Practice With Births Both In and Out of a Hospital Nurse-Midwives Create the Modern Out-of-Hospital Birth Center Practical Practice Help From the ACNM Evaluation and Effectiveness Studies Descriptive Studies  14. Nurse-Midwifery Education (1955−1980s) Types of Programs Growth Spurts Education Workshops Developments in Education Mastery Learning Using Modules Directors of Midwifery Education A Textbook for Midwifery Distance Learning SECTION VI: HISTORY OF DIRECT-ENTRY MIDWIFERY EDUCATION AND THE CREDENTIALING OF MIDWIVES IN THE UNITED STATES  15. Direct-Entry Midwifery Education American College of Nurse-Midwives (1978–1996) ACNM Education Committee ACNM Division of Accreditation Midwives Alliance of North America (1983–1991) MANA Education Committee National Coalition of Midwifery Educators Association of Midwifery Educators  16. Credentialing of Midwives Accreditation Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education and Predecessors Committee to Study and Evaluate Standards for Schools of Midwifery Committee on Curriculum and Accreditation Committee on Approval of Educational Programs Division of Approval Division of Accreditation Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education Midwifery Education Accreditation Council Credentialing Committee MEAC Incorporated MEAC Criteria for Direct-Entry Midwifery Education Programs USDOE Recognition Early MEAC-Accredited Programs Certification American Midwifery Certification Board and Predecessors ACNM Testing Committee Division of Examiners ACNM Certification Council/American Midwifery Certification Board North American Registry of Midwives MANA Interim Registry Board Creation of the MANA Registry Examination North American Registry of Midwives Incorporated Conversion From Registry to Certification Examination NARM Certification of Direct-Entry Midwives Licensure Certified Nurse-Midwives and Certified Midwives Legislation Committee Political and Economic Affairs Committee/Government Affairs Committee Lay and Direct-Entry Midwives Licensure Debates State Recognition of Lay Midwifery Practice Prior to 1982 State Recognition of Direct-Entry Midwifery Practice After 1982 Certified Professional Midwives The Big Push for Midwives Campaign (2008) SECTION VII: EXTERNAL/INTERNAL RELATIONSHIPS AFFECTING MIDWIFERY  17. Federal Legislation Affecting Midwifery Practice The American College of Nurse-Midwives’ Involvement in Legislation Washington Task Force Legislation Committee Master Plan and ACNM Legislative Response Mechanisms ACNM Lobbyist Early Federal Legislation Midwives-PAC Direct-Entry Midwifery Groups’ Involvement in Legislation MANA Legislative Committee MANA Legislative Conferences MANA Legislative Lobbyist, 1994 NACPM and the Midwives and Mothers in Action Campaign Collaborative Efforts in Maternity Care Legislation Safe Motherhood Acts, 1996, 2002 Affordable Care Act of 2010 Coalition for Quality Maternity Care  18. Midwives With Women and Childbearing Families Consumers and Midwives Working Together for Safe Choices Among Childbirth Alternatives Maternity Center Association La Leche League, 1958, and La Leche League International, 1964 International Childbirth Education Association, 1960 American Society for Psychoprophylaxis in Obstetrics/Lamaze, 1960 National Association of Parents & Professionals for Safe Alternatives in Childbirth, 1975 Other Partnerships Supporting Safe Alternatives in Childbirth Listening to Women ACNM Ad Hoc Committee on Consumer Affairs ACNM’s Listen to Women Campaign Citizens for Midwifery, Inc. Childbirth Connection 2005 Public Policy Agenda for Women Midwives With Vulnerable Populations ACNM Position Statements on Health Policy American Public Health Association Policy Statements on Midwives and Women’s Health Safe Motherhood Initiatives, USA  19. Midwives (CNMs) With Physicians Historical Evolution Joint Statements Coda 20. Midwives (CNMs) With Nurses and Nursing Early Confusion With Identity of Nurse-Midwives Nurse Practitioners, Physician Assistants, and ANA National Federation of Specialty Nursing Organizations and ANA ANA and Early Certification Efforts ACNM’s Continuing Internal Struggle With Self-Identification and the Working Document Nurse-Midwives and OB-GYN Nurse Practitioners ANA Develops a Credentialing Center ANA Defines Nurse-Midwives as Nurse Practitioners ACNM Defines Nurse-Midwives ANA Defines Nurse-Midwives as Advanced Practice Registered Nurses AACN and Accreditation Nursing Response to ACNM Involvement in Direct-Entry Midwifery Nurse-Midwives Included in APRN Regulation Self-Identification and Loss of Autonomy Coda  21. Midwives With Midwives: United States Carnegie Meetings Stimulate Midwifery Dialogue in the United States First Carnegie Meeting: July 16 to 18, 1989 MANA–ACNM Activities Between the Two Carnegie Meetings Second Carnegie Meeting: July 22 to 24, 1990 The MANA-ACNM Interorganizational Workgroup on Midwifery Education Carnegie Funds Awarded Goals of IWG Selection of Workgroup Members The IWG Meetings Factors Mitigating Against Achievement of Carnegie and IWG Goals Different Organizational Processes Words and Concepts Without Common Meaning Philosophy of Inclusiveness Level of Midwifery Education University Affiliation for Midwifery Education Misunderstanding on Who Develops Education Programs Suspicions About IWG Activities Final Outcomes of IWG Meetings The Grand Midwife Statement Midwifery Certification Document Liaison Planning Document Continuing ACNM and MANA Dialogue The Bridge Club ACNM–MANA Liaison Group United States Midwifery Education, Regulation, and Association  22. Midwives With Midwives: International The International Confederation of Midwives Brief History Aim and Strategic Actions Organization and Structure ICM Activities and Documents ICM International Definition of the Midwife ICM Mission and Vision ICM International Code of Ethics for Midwives ICM Philosophy and Model of Midwifery Care ICM Essential Competencies for Basic Midwifery Practice ICM Global Standards for Education and Regulation The Three Pillars of Education, Regulation, and Association ACNM’s Role in International Midwifery Index

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Helen Varney Burst, MSN, CNM, DHL (Hon.), FACNM, is Professor Emeritus at the Yale University School of Nursing. Joyce Beebe Thompson, DrPH, CNM, FAAN, FACNM, is Professor Emeritus at the University of Pennsylvania and Western Michigan University, and an international consultant in midwifery education, women’s health, and human rights.

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