Overview

Nationalism, as an ideology coupling self-conscious peoples to fixed territories, is often seen as emerging from European historical developments, also in postcolonial countries outside Europe. André van Dokkum’s Nationalism and Territoriality in Barue and Mozambique shows that this view is not universally true. The precolonial Kingdom of Barue in what is now Mozambique showed characteristics generally associated with nationalism, giving the country great resilience against colonial encroachment. Postcolonial Mozambique, on the other hand, has so far not succeeded in creating national coherence. The former anti-colonial organization and now party in power Frelimo has always stressed national unity, but only under its own guidance, paradoxically producing disunity.

Full Product Details

Author:   André Van Dokkum
Publisher:   Brill
Imprint:   Brill
Volume:   39
Weight:   0.440kg
ISBN:  

9789004428416

ISBN 10:   9004428410
Pages:   272
Publication Date:   23 May 2020
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Available To Order  
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Table of Contents

 Preface and Acknowledgements  Acronyms, Abbreviations, Symbols and Names  List of Maps, Figures and Tables 1 Introduction and Outline of the Argument  1 Data Collection: Written Historical Data; Aspects of Fieldwork; Oral Data  2 Theoretical Aspects  3 Terminology   3.1 The Concept of ‘Nation’ and Mozambique   3.2 State   3.3 Ethnicity and Different Manifestations of Nationalism in Postcolonial Africa  4 Outline of the Book 2 The Kingdom of Barue: The Desire for Independence  1Introductory Comments   1.1 Dynastic Politics   1.2 Beliefs about Spirit Mediums   1.3 Languages and Ethnic Groups   1.4 Economic Aspects   1.5 Open Questions  2 Borders, Capital, and Population of the Kingdom of Barue   2.1 Borders   2.2 Capital   2.3 Population Numbers; Fighting Force of the Army  3 The Mutapa State and the Formation of the Kingdom of Barue  4 The Arrival of the Portuguese at the Lower Zambezi; the Prazos  5 Barue as an Independent State  6 Makombe Gunguru  7 After Gunguru until the Mid-Nineteenth Century  8 The Efforts to Maintain Independence c. 1853–1918   8.1 Genealogical Aspects   8.2 Activities and Defeat of Chipapata/Kabudu Kagoro   8.3 Activities of Kanga until 1890   8.4 Barue’s Independence, 1890/1892–1902   8.5 The Interbellum 1902–1917   8.6 The Barue Revolt of 1917–1918  9 Reflections on Barue as a State  Intermezzo– From Precolonial Barue to Postcolonial Mozambique 3 Frelimo and other Anticolonial Organizations until 1975  1 Early Frelimo History   1.1 Early Activities   1.2 The Mueda Massacre   1.3 manu, udenamo, and unami, and the Frelimo Merger   1.4 Mondlane’s Rise as Frelimo Leader   1.5The Consolidation Meeting   1.6 Frelimo’s First Congress   1.7 Some Preliminary Notes on ‘Definitions of the Enemy’  2 Developments within Frelimo 1962–1966  3 The October 1966 Meeting of the Central Committee  4 Frelimo’s Difficulties with Students in 1967 and 1968  5 The Assaults on Frelimo’s Office in May 1968  6 Frelimo’s Second Congress   6.1 Planning for the Second Congress   6.2 Procedural Aspects and Results of the Second Congress   6.3 The Presidential Vote at the Second Congress  7 Aftermath of the Second Congress   7.1 The Second Session of the Central Committee   7.2 Nkavandame’s Expulsion from Frelimo  8 Mondlane’s Assassination and Subsequent Developments within Frelimo  9 ‘Race’, Ethnicity, and Nationality with Frelimo and Mondlane   9.1 ‘Race’   9.2 Ethnicity   9.3 Nationalism with Mondlane, Dos Santos, and Machel   9.4 Nationhood: the Case of Rumbézia  10 Mondlane and Marxist Ideology  11 Conclusions Concerning Frelimo’s Internal Crisis  12 coremo and Other Non-Frelimo Anticolonial Organizations  13 Portuguese and Western International Reactions to the Anticolonial Insurrection  14 Euro-American Reactions to the 1966–1970 Crisis within Frelimo  15 Conclusion 4 After Independence: Frelimo’s Struggle for a One-Party Nation  1 The End of the New State and Related Events  2 Multipartyism, State-Building, and the ‘Third Wave’ Hypothesis  3 Suspension of Habeas Corpus and the Nachingwea proceedings  4 Events Shortly after Independence  5 Frelimo and Hereditary Leaders in Rural Areas  6 The Emergence and Development of Renamo, 1976–1986  7 Other Developments 1977–1987  8 The Peace Process  9 Constitutional Change  10 Legislation on ‘Traditional Authorities’ and ‘Community Authorities’  11 The Earliest Multiparty Elections   11.1 The 1994 General and Presidential Elections   11.2 The 1998 Local Elections   11.3 The 1999 General and Presidential Elections   11.4 Credibility of Elections  12 The Emergence of mdm and the Re-emergence of Frelimo/Renamo Hostilities  13 Conclusion  intermezzo– Barue District’s Political Predicaments 5 Chiefdom Politics in Barue District  1 Administrative Developments  2 Spirit Mediums  3 Mpanze  4 Sanhantamba  5 Sanhatunze  6 Samanhanga  7 The Former Tangwena Chiefdom in Barue  8 Seguma  9 Sabão  10 Bango/Macufa (Chôa)  11 Sahatsiro  12 Sanhamáuè  13 The Chôa Area Leadership Competition Problem and Involvement of the Populatio  14 Saluanza  15 Conclusion 6 Aspects of Frelimo Party Politics in Barue District  1 Background of the Cell/Circle System  2 Leadership in Cells and Circles, and Party-Political Representativeness of a Sample of Cells  3 Circle Secretaries of Tongogara and Sabão  4 Community Leaders (Líderes Comunitários)  5 Other Local Leaders within the Frelimo Party or the Government  6 Bureaucratic Devices Employed by Frelimo to Control the Population  7 Other Forms of Checking the Population  8 Conclusion 1 7 Conclusion  Appendix 1 Nations as Human Collectivities: Some Theoretical Considerations  1 Culture and Nation as Possibly Contested  2 Delineations of ‘Nation’  Appendix 2 The Wieschhoff/Shungano list of the Makombe dynasty  Appendix 3 Partial overview of reigning Makombes  Appendix 4 The 1999 presidential election in Mozambique  1 Approach  2 Data  3 Trends in the Data  4Brancos in included editais  5 Excluded Editais  6 Reconstructing Excluded Editais  7 Conclusion  Maps  References  Index

Reviews

'Andre van Dokkum's book on the precolonial and postcolonial history of Barue and Mozambique is, in some ways, several different books in one: a detailed history of the precolonial Kingdom in Barue; an analysis of political infighting within Mozambique's ruling party, FRELIMO, as it accumulated power before and after decolonization; a close study of how chiefs and FRELIMO exercise power in present-day Mozambique; and a theoretical attempt to locate both precolonial Barue and postcolonial Mozambique within a matrix of different definitions of the nation-state'. [...] 'Overall, the depth of the book's research will make it important reading for scholars interested in comparative political analyses of precolonial and postcolonial Mozambique'. Zachary Kagan Guthrie, University of Mississippi, in IJAHS 54, No. 2 (2021), pp 254-256.

'Andre van Dokkum's book on the precolonial and postcolonial history of Barue and Mozambique is, in some ways, several different books in one: a detailed history of the precolonial Kingdom in Barue; an analysis of political infighting within Mozambique's ruling party, FRELIMO, as it accumulated power before and after decolonization; a close study of how chiefs and FRELIMO exercise power in present-day Mozambique; and a theoretical attempt to locate both precolonial Barue and postcolonial Mozambique within a matrix of different definitions of the nation-state'. [...] 'Overall, the depth of the book's research will make it important reading for scholars interested in comparative political analyses of precolonial and postcolonial Mozambique'. Zachary Kagan Guthrie, University of Mississippi, in IJAHS 54, No. 2 (2021), pp 254-256. [...] role de modele pour tous les politologues qui seraient tentes de suivre son exemple pour comparer differents types de nationalismes africains Rene Pelissier in Africana Studia 2020 (34), pp 196-198 'The book displays a timeline of Barue and Mozambique's historical interactions in a very innovative manner. The author is successful in accomplishing his goal of providing a thorough framework for comprehending Mozambique's nationalism and state creation. The book will be invaluable to Mozambicans, and indeed to anyone who has an interest in Mozambique politics and history. More significantly, it is a historical record that Mozambicans concerned in the future of their homeland should study and examine. Overall, the book is well written, extremely well organized, and clearly meets the author's stated purpose. Very few studies have undertaken such an exercise which is engaging and interesting'. Prem Kumar Bharti, University of Delhi in African Studies Quarterly, Vol. 21, Issue 1 (2022), pp 84-86 [...] a most recommended reading. Comparisons of independent precolonial statehood with postcolonial state formation are rare. Van Dokkum's book is a vanguard research monograph' [...] Petr Skalnik in Anthropology Southern Africa 45:4 (2022), pp 248-251

Author Information

André van Dokkum, Ph.D. (2015), VU University Amsterdam, is Adjunct Assistant Professor at the University of Macau. He published two edited volumes on Africanist topics, with G.J. Abbink: Verdeeld Afrika (AMB, 2008) and Dilemmas of Development (African Studies Centre, 2008).

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