Overview

Mineral deposits are natural concentrations of minerals within the Earth's crust that are economically viable for extraction. Their formation involves complex geological processes over millions of years. Several factors contribute to the formation of mineral deposits, including geological setting, tectonic activity, hydrothermal processes, and the presence of suitable host rocks. Exploration for mineral deposits typically begins with geological mapping, remote sensing, and geophysical surveys to identify prospective areas. Geochemical sampling, such as soil and rock sampling, helps detect anomalies indicative of mineralization. Advanced technologies like satellite imagery, airborne geophysics, and geological modeling enhance the efficiency and accuracy of mineral exploration. Many companies utilize various methods, including diamond drilling, reverse circulation drilling, and geophysical logging, to delineate the extent and characteristics of the deposit. Exploitation of mineral deposits involves the extraction and processing of ores for commercial use. Surface mining methods, such as open-pit mining and quarrying, are employed for shallow deposits, while underground mining techniques, including shaft mining and adit mining, are used for deeper deposits. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of mineralogy. The topics covered herein deal with the core aspects of this area. It will also serve as a reference guide for students and academicians.

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