Overview

All geologists wonder about the origin of geological formations and the minerals that constitute them and from which they originate. In sedimentary formations, many examples of minerals and ores observed in the field and studied in the laboratory are of microbial origin or closely associated with it, and many geologists, microbiologists, biologists, geochemists, and chemists currently agree that microbes can play a direct role in mineralization, but above all an important role in trapping and concentrating metals. Studies conducted on certain carbonate horizons with ooids, sulfide-rich levels of the Upper Jurassic of Ali Sabieh, Cretaceous-age pseudo-pisoliths and pseudo-ooids in Ali Sabieh, and the carbonate hydrothermal travertines of Lake Abhe and Lake Asal, and the salt balls of Lake Asal, have shown mineralization resulting from microbial metabolism. Between 1982 and 1985, sedimentological studies conducted on Middle Cretaceous bauxite and Tertiary ferro-phosphates in mainland Greece demonstrated a close relationship between stromatolites, ooids, and these minerals.

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