Overview

This text covers various gene products of the major histocompatibility complex from transcription to disease association and therapeutic regulation of the cellular immune response. MHC molecules are very important to the immune system and to the causes of infectious disease. Chapters are written by experts in the area of research, and each includes a brief introduction with additional references on the specifics of the major histocompatibility complex.

Full Product Details

Author:   Robert G. Urban ,  R. M. Chicz
Publisher:   Chapman and Hall
Imprint:   Chapman and Hall
Weight:   0.001kg
ISBN:  

9780412102813

ISBN 10:   0412102811
Pages:   328
Publication Date:   27 June 1996
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print  
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Table of Contents

1. Major Histocompatibility Antigens: An Introduction.- 2. The Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes and Their Transcriptional Regulation.- The Murine Major Histocompatibility Complex.- The Major Histocompatibility Complex of Humans, the HLA.- Developmental and Tissue-Specific Expression of MHC Genes.- Role of Aberrant Expression of MHC Gene Products in Immunologic Disease.- Cis-Elements and Transcription Factors That Control MHC Class I Gene Expression.- Factors and Elements That Control MHC Class II Gene Expression.- Models of Activation and Repression.- Concluding Comments.- 3. TAP Peptide Transporters and Antigen Presentation.- Evidence for Peptide Translocation by TAP.- Tap Genes and Sequences.- TAP as Member of the ABC Transporter Family.- Structure and Assembly of the TAP Complex.- In Vitro Assays for Peptide Binding and Transport by TAP.- Sequence Specificity of Peptide Transport by Different TAP Molecules.- Relating Specificity to the Structure of Polymorphic TAP Molecules.- Length of Transported Peptides.- TAP-Dependent and Independent Presentation.- TAP and Disease.- Concluding Remarks.- 4. Molecular Chaperones in MHC Class I and Class II Biosynthesis and Assembly.- Introduction: ER Resident Molecular Chaperones.- Molecular Chaperones Implicated in Class I Biosynthesis and Assembly.- Molecular Chaperones Implicated in MHC Class II Biosynthesis and Assembly.- Quality Control of MHC Molecules Mediated by Molecular Chaperones.- 5. Polypeptide Release from Lysosomes.- Synthesis and Transport of Lysosomal Hydrolases.- Entry of Degradation Substrates.- Lysosomal Hydrolysis.- Polypeptide Release from Lysosomes.- Possible Immunological Relevance.- Conclusion.- 6. Intracellular Trafficking of MHC Class II Molecules.- Assembly of MHC Class II Molecules in the ER and Early Stages of Transport.- Processing Intermediates of Invariant Chain.- Post-Golgi Trafficking of MHC Class II Molecules and Sites of Invariant Chain Degradation.- Intracellular Sites of Assembly of Peptide:MHC Class II Complexes.- 7. The Role of HLA-DM in Class II Antigen Presentation.- DM Sequence and Structure.- Regulation of Expression.- Genomic Organization of DM Genes.- Evolutionary Considerations.- DM Polymorphism.- Analysis of DM Mutant Cells.- The Mechanism of DM Action.- The Biology of Antigen Processing.- The Biosynthesis and Maturation of Class II.- Conclusion.- 8. Crystallographic Analysis of Peptide Binding by Class I and Class II Major Histocompatibility Antigens.- Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigens.- Class II Major Histocompatibility Antigens.- Similarities and Differences Between Class I and Class II Major Histocompatibility Antigens.- 9. HLA and Disease: Molecular Basis.- Tissue Typing Techniques.- Epidemiological Analysis.- Paradigms of Diseases Associated with the MHC.- HLA-B27 and Ankylosing Spondylitis.- MHC II and Disease.- Concluding Remarks.- 10. Epitope Prediction Algorithms for Class I MHC Molecules.- Elucidation of Peptide-Binding Motifs.- Anchor Residues.- Peptide-Binding Assays.- Physical Basis for Peptide-Binding Motifs.- Prediction of Binding Peptides.- Exceptional Peptides.- Peptide Binding and Antigenicity.- Conclusions.- 11. Options for TCR Interactions: TCR Agonists, Antagonists and Partial Agonists.- Introduction: Smart and Dumb T Cell Receptors.- Full Agonists, Partial Agonists and Antagonists.- What Do TCR Partial Agonists and Antagonists Do?.- T Cell Development.- The Direction of Mature T Cell Responses.- The Two Edged Sword: Antagonists as Protectors and Perpetrators of Disease.- How Do Antagonist/Partial Agonists Work?.- Concluding Remarks.- 12. Role of Ligand Density in T Cell Reactions.- Background.- The Study of Peptides Recognized by CD8+ CTL.- What Determines the Efficacy of CTL-Mediated Target Cell Lysis?.- Role of Ligand Density.- Concluding Remarks.- 13. Cooperative Recognition of MHC Class II Molecules:Peptide Complexes by the T Cell Receptor and CD4.- TCR Recognition of MHC Class II:Peptide Complexes.- CD4 Binding to MHC Class II Molecules.- CD4 Interaction With the TCR:CD3 Complex.- Conclusions.- 14. Receptors for MHC Class I Molecules in Human Natural Killer Cells.- MHC Class I Molecules Inhibit NK Cell Cytotoxicity.- Murine NK Inhibitory Receptors.- Human NK Inhibitory Receptors.- A New Family of Immunoglobulin-Superfamily (Ig-SF) Genes Selectively Expressed in Human NK Cells.- Evidence That NK-Specific Ig-SF Genes May Encode Human Receptors for Class I Molecules.- NK Recognition of MHC Class I Molecules Is Mediated by a Complex System.- 15. The MHC in Host-Pathogen Evolution.- Selection Acting on the Human Host.- Pathogen Avoidance of T Cell Recognition.- Mechanisms of Decreasing Antigen Presentation.- Mechanisms of Avoiding T Cell Recognition of Specific Epitopes.- Perspective.- 16. Peptide-Mediated Regulation of Allergic Diseases.- The Role of CD4+ T Cell Subsets.- The Immunological Objectives of Allergy Therapy.- Regulation of Specific T Cells by Peptides.- Deviation of Thl/Th2 Phenotype of the Responder Population.- 17. Genetic Modulation of Antigen Presentation.- Vaccines.- Genetic Immunization for Viral Diseases.- Treatment of Autoimmune Disease.- Conclusion.

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