Overview

Metformin is a medicine that helps lower high blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Its mechanism of action involves lowering the amount of glucose absorbed from intestines, improving insulin sensitivity (i.e., body's response to the insulin that is produced naturally), and decreasing the amount of sugar made by liver. It is essential to manage the blood sugar levels as uncontrolled levels of high blood sugar can damage vital organs like kidney, eyes, and nerves. Diabetes management also helps decrease the risk of heart diseases and stroke. Drug interaction refers to any reaction that takes place between two (or more) drugs or between a drug and a food, beverage, or supplement. Drug interactions may change the way a medicine works, or may also result in some side effects. For instance, beta-blocker medications like propranolol and timolol may prevent pounding heartbeat in case of hypoglycemia. The primary pharmacodynamic roles of metformin include lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose, reducing gluconeogenesis, increasing glucose uptake, increasing insulin signaling, decreasing fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, and increasing fatty acid beta-oxidation.The objective of this book is to give a general view of the mechanisms, interactions and pharmacodynamics associated with metformin. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.

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