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Author:   EJ Granite ,  Henry W. Pennline ,  Constance Senior
Publisher:   Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
Imprint:   Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
Dimensions:   Width: 18.50cm , Height: 2.90cm , Length: 24.80cm
Weight:   1.178kg
ISBN:  

9783527329496

ISBN 10:   3527329498
Pages:   480
Publication Date:   12 November 2014
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Available To Order  
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Table of Contents

Preface PART I: Mercury in the Environment: Origin, Fate, and Regulation MERCURY IN THE ENVIRONMENT Introduction Mercury as a Chemical Element Direct Uses of Mercury Atmospheric Transport and Deposition Atmospheric Reactions and Lifetime Mercury Biogeochemical Cycling MERCURY AND HALOGENS IN COAL Introduction Mercury in U.S. Coals Mercury in International Coals Halogens in Coals Summary REGULATIONS U.S. Regulations INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION AND TRENDS Introduction International Legislation Regional and National Legislation Summary PART II: Mercury Measurement in Coal Gas CONTINUOUS MERCURY MONITORS FOR FOSSIL FUEL-FIRED UTILITIES Introduction Components of a CMM Installation and Verification Requirements Major CMM Tests CMM Vendors BATCH METHODS FOR MERCURY MONITORING Introduction Wet Chemistry Batch Methods Dry Batch Methods Recommendations PART III: Mercury Chemistry in Coal Utilization Systems and Air Pollution Control Devices MERCURY BEHAVIOR IN COAL COMBUSTION SYSTEMS Introduction Coal Combustion Boilers Mercury Chemistry in Combustion Systems Air Pollution Control Devices on Utility and Industrial Boilers Mercury Behavior in Coal-Fired Boilers Summary GASIFICATION SYSTEMS Principles of Coal Gasification Gasification Technologies Overview and Gasifier Descriptions Gasification Applications and Downstream Gas Cleanup and Processing Mercury Transformations and Fate Hg Measurement in a Reducing Environment Hg Control Technologies for Gasification Hg and the MATS Rule for Gasifiers MERCURY EMISSIONS CONTROL FOR THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Introduction Cement Manufacturing Process Description State of Knowledge on the Source and Behavior of Mercury in the Cement Kiln System Mercury Emissions Control Solutions in the Cement Industry Conclusions PART IV: Mercury Research Programs in the United States DOE'S MERCURY CONTROL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM Introduction Background Summary U.S. EPA RESEARCH PROGRAM Introduction Congressionally Mandated Studies Control Technology from Work on Municipal Waste Combustors (MWCs) Mercury Chemistry, Adsorption, and Sorbent Development Coal Combustion Residues and By-Products EPA SBIR Progra THE ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S PROGRAM TO CONTROL MERCURY EMISSIONS FROM COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS Introduction Co-Benefits of Installed Controls Sorbent Injection Boiler Chemical Addition Novel Concepts for Mercury Control Integration of Controls for Mercury with Controls for Other Air Pollutants Summary PART V: Mercury Control Processes MERCURY CONTROL USING COMBUSTION MODIFICATION Mercury Speciation in Coal-Fired Power Plants without Added Catalysts Role of Unburned Carbon in Mercury Oxidation and Adsorption Synergistic Relationship between UBC and Calcium in Flyash Potential Combustion Modification Strategies to Mitigate Mercury Emissions Effects of Combustion Modifications on Mercury Oxidation across SCR Catalysts FUEL AND FLUE-GAS ADDITIVES Background Summary CATALYSTS FOR THE OXIDATION OF MERCURY Introduction Hg Oxidation and Affecting Parameters Conclusions and Future Research MERCURY CAPTURE IN WET FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION SYSTEMS Introduction Fate of Net Mercury Removed by Wet FGD Systems Mercury Reemissions Effects of Flue Gas Mercury Oxidation Technologies on FGD Capture of Mercury INTRODUCTION TO CARBON SORBENTS FOR POLLUTION CONTROL Carbon Materials Carbon Activation Carbon Particle Shapes and Forms Activated Carbon Applications Activated Carbon Properties in Emission Systems Summary ACTIVATED CARBON INJECTION Introduction The Activated Carbon Injection System Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Activated Carbon Balance-of-Plant Impacts Future Considerations HALOGENATED CARBON SORBENTS Introduction Application of Activated Carbon for Mercury Control Development of Halogenated Activated Carbon CONCRETE-COMPATIBLE ACTIVATED CARBON Introduction Concrete-Compatibility Metrics Production of Concrete-Compatible Products Including C-PAC (TM) C-PAC (TM) Specification Concrete Compatibility Test - Field Fly Ash / C-PAC (TM) Mixture NOVEL CAPTURE TECHNOLOGIES: NON-CARBON SORBENTS AND PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATIONS Introduction Non-Carbon Sorbents Photochemical Removal of Mercury from Flue Gas SORBENTS FOR GASIFICATION PROCESSES Introduction Background Warm/Humid Gas Temperature Mercury Sorbent Capture Techniques Cold Gas Cleanup of Mercury Summary PART VI: Modeling of Mercury Chemistry in Air Pollution Control Devices MERCURY-CARBON SURFACE CHEMISTRY Nature of the Bonding of Mercury to the Carbon Surface Effects of Acid Gases on Mercury Capacities on Carbon Kinetic HCI Effect Summary ATOMISTIC-LEVEL MODELS Introduction Homogeneous Mercury Oxidation Kinetics Heterogeneous Chemistry Conclusions and Future Work PREDICTING Hg EMISSIONS RATES WITH DEVICE-LEVEL MODELS AND REACTION MECHANISMS Introduction and Scope The Reaction System Hg Transformations Summary

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Author Information

Evan J. Granite is a Research Group Leader at the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), USA; Technical Coordinator for NETL's in-house research on Rare Earth Detection and Recovery; and an Adjunct Research Professor of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh, USA (volunteer position). He completed postdoctoral research at the Department of Energy, received a PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Rochester, and BS and MS degrees in Chemical Engineering from The Cooper Union. His research has focused on mercury, trace contaminant, and carbon dioxide removal from flue and fuel gases. He is the principal or co-investigator for projects on the capture of mercury, arsenic, selenium, phosphorus, cadmium, and antimony coal-derived flue and fuel gases; carbon dioxide separation from flue gas; and rare earth detection and from recovery from solids. He has coauthored 38 peer-reviewed journal articles, eight patents/patents pending, 205 conference papers and presentations, and 49 DOE reports of invention. Henry W. Pennline has degrees in Chemical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University and Northwestern University and is a Professional Engineer of Pennsylvania, USA. Since 2000, Mr. Pennline has served as a senior research group leader in the CO2 capture area, where novel techniques to capture/ separate carbon dioxide from post- and pre-combustion streams within power generation facilities are investigated. In addition to his duties in the CO2 capture area, he also served as the leader of the Clean Air Team from 1986 to 2002. Over his near forty years in research with the federal government (U.S Bureau of Mines and U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory), he has become experienced in various facets of fossil-energy technology. He has initiated research in flue gas cleanup technologies, CO2 separation and capture techniques, and indirect liquefaction. He is inventor/ co-inventor of licensed processes, is author/co-author of numerous publications, and has received various prestigious awards during his federal tenure. Constance Senior is currently the Vice President of Technology at ADA-ES, Inc., where she is responsible for research and development in control of emissions of mercury and other pollutants from coal-fired power plants and other industrial combustion systems. For over fifteen years, she has been involved in the development and application of process models for formation and control of pollutants in industrial combustion systems. She has particular expertise in integrated power plant modeling and in the development and integration of submodels for complex CFD models of combustion and air pollution control processes. Dr. Senior is the author of over 40 articles in peer-reviewed journals and books. From 2008 to 2014, she served as an associate editor of the American Chemical Society journal Energy & Fuels.

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