Overview

As the origins of the medical model may be traced back to the end of World War II and an increased need for veteran assistance, so may the origins of the field of counseling psychology. Following the war, veterans were in need of education and employment opportunities, resulting in the rise of vocational guidance (Delgado-Romero et al., 2012). These needs, paired with the psychometric movement and study of individual differences for occupational functioning, helped form a demand for vocational guidance. These new demands, paired with the birth of the client-centered therapy movement in reaction to psychoanalytic and behavioralist schools of thought, helped give rise to counseling psychology as a field (Whiteley, 1984).

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