Overview

Most economic work on crime has focused on the deterrent effect of the criminal justice system and on the interrelationship between work and crime. Empirical work provides some, but not unambiguous support for the deterrence hypothesis. Recent work by economist suggest that the relationship between work and crime may be far more complicated than implied by economic models. The rise in juvenile crime rates has focused increasing attention on youth crime. This has forced economists to expand their thinking to incorporate such things as education, peer group effects and the influence of family and community. Increasingly both theoretical and empirical work on the economics of crime has come to use dynamic models. Theoretical work is developing multi-period models of crime. Empirically economists are using both panel data techniques and modern time series techniques to examine the dynamics of criminal behavior. CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES ABOUTwhy people commit crime are used-and misused, if poor global economic environment factor was main factor causes people do criminal behaviors?Every day by legislative policy makers and community corrections managers when they develop new initiatives, sanctions, and programs; and these theories are also being applied-and misapplied-by line community corrections officers in the workplace as they classify, supervise, counsel, and control offenders placed on their caseloads. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the major theories of crime causation and then to consider the implications of these criminological theories for current and future community corrections practice. Four distinct groups of theories will be examined: classical theories, biological theories, psychological theories, and sociological theories of crime causation. While the assumptions of classical criminology have been used to justify a wide range of sentencing and corrections policies and practices over the past several decades, it is also possible to identify the influence of other theories of crime causation on corrections policies and practices during this same period. As we examine each group of theories, we consider how-and why-the basic functions of probation and parole officers change based on the theory of crime causation under review.When considering the link between theoryand practice, it is important to remember the following basic truth: Criminologists disagreeabout both the causes and solutions to our crime problem. This does not mean that criminologists have little to offer to probation and parole officers in terms of practical advice; to other community corrections programs are to the contrary, we think a discussion of cause is be successful as people changing agencies. Critical to the ongoing debate over the appro- But can we reasonably expect such diversity priate use of community-based sanctions, and flexibility from community corrections and the development of effective community agencies, or is it more likely that one theory- corrections policies, practices, and programs. or group of theories-will be the dominant.

Full Product Details

9781711397504

Table of Contents

Reviews

Author Information

Tab Content 6

Customer Reviews

Recent Reviews

Countries Available