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English summary: The Japanese never stop endowing their unique beliefs and stories with form and life. Dolls, automatons, and lately robots, have successively played a part in this long filiation of singularly Japanese stories. In this work, the author describes and questions the manner in which, in the early 21st century, an unexpected wave of interest, backed by major technical and technological advances, propelled the development and manufacture of robots which were often surprising and at times troubling, yet, for the most part, primarily vectors of enchantment.This decade - a genuine golden age of robotics in Japan - has seen robot autonomy actually enter the technical planning stage even as research and experiments have been leaving the robotic laboratories to enter all disciplinary fields, from various branches of engineering to the production of everyday objects. At the same time, robots have become omnipresent in the media as well as in philosophical reflection, and in such arts as the theatre.Zaven Pare is an artist/roboticist. He created the first electronic marionettes for theatrical use and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS/CNRS) awarded him a grant to participate in the Robot Actors Project from the moment it was created in the laboratories of Professor Ishiguro Hiroshi at Osaka University and at Kyoto's Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR). His robots are notably featured in The Ballard Institute of Connecticut's collections and those of Lyon's Puppets of the World Museum. French description: Les Japonais ne cessent de donner forme et vie a des croyances et a des recits qui leur sont propres. Les poupees, les automates puis les robots se sont tour a tour inscrits dans cette longue filiation d'histoires proprement japonaises, mais ces derniers semblent aujourd'hui egalement destines a participer a la construction d'un nouveau grand recit. La paradoxale cohabitation de la nature et des traditions avec une automatisation presente partout tient sans doute aussi dans la reelle filiation qui, dans l'archipel, existe entre le vivant et l'artificiel ou dans l'absence de contradiction que l'on y rencontre entre conservation et progres . Dans cet ouvrage, l'auteur decrit et questionne la maniere dont, au cours des premieres annees du XXIe siecle, un surprenant mouvement de curiosite etaye par des progres techniques et technologiques importants a permis d'accelerer le developpement et la fabrication de robots souvent surprenants, parfois inquietants, mais, pour la plupart, surtout vecteurs d'enchantement. Cette decennie, veritable age d'or de la robotique au Japon, a vu l'autonomie des robots etre reellement envisagee sur le plan technique et les recherches et les experimentations sortir des laboratoires de robotique pour gagner tous les champs disciplinaires, des diverses branches de l'ingenierie a la fabrication des objets du quotidien, en meme temps que les robots devenaient partout visibles, dans les medias comme dans la reflexion philosophique ou encore dans les arts, comme par exemple au theatre.

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