Overview

From Roman times (when Jews first formed communities in Italy) throughout the 19th century (when Jews became emancipated individually but were deprived - as a group - of all their ancient autonomies), Jews remained tied to their separate judicial institutions. Administratively, Jewish communities sought control over their internal affairs (worship, charity, social welfare, schools, education, and their own communal rules) (administrative autonomy). Judicially, they sought recognition of their internal laws as applicable to their civic relations (regulatory autonomy), constantly striving to obtain from the State the authority to bring their community members to trial in their courts of law (judiciary autonomy).

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Vittore Colorni was born in Mantua in 1912. He graduated in Law in Bologna in 1933. The racial laws of 1938 forced Colorni to leave Mantua. Armed with false documents, he and his family moved to Rome, where Vittore continued his studies, evading the prohibitions imposed on Jews. In 1945 he published the volume Legge ebraica e leggi locali (Jewish law and Italian local laws). He was then called to teach Ecclesiastical Law (1946-1956) and History of Italian Law (1956-1987) at Ferrara University. Between 1969 and 1971 he chaired as Faculty Dean. His favorite field of research was always the history of Italian Jewry. Vittore Colorni was both an eminent historian and a distinguished scholar. His entire scope of studies remains unmatched due to his thorough research in countless libraries and state archives in Italy and abroad and his extensive analysis of every uncovered document. The essays he gathered on the specificity of Jewish culture in Judaica Minora (1983) and the methodological rigor in their exposition became a model of interdisciplinary research methods.

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