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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1920 edition. Excerpt: ... misery took such an aggravated form that the statesmen as well as the manufacturers came gradually to realize the need of some remedy. What was sought by them was therefore a remedy for the existing maladjustment. The relief that they sought was: for specific evils l in industry rather than the recognition of such modern ideas as the personality of the worker and his inalienable rights. In other words, the basic motive for ameliorating the intolerable conditions of labor lay in the desire to avert the serious consequences of the industrial evil rather than to enhance the standards of the workers as human personalities. In the meantime, the malformation of the industrial growth had already reached what seemed to some an incurable stage. The Internationale with its revolutionary doctrine and militant tactics was already formed long before the governments called an international conference to consider the industrial situation. It was more than a generation before the unsuccessful Berlin Congress of 1890 was convoked that a cry was heard: a Spectre, is haunting Europe--the spectre of Communism! The governments were slow to awake. They would rather compete than cooperate. 1 The Act of 1819 was opposed by business men who based their counter-claims on the assumptions: (I) that the protection and preservation of industry on its commercial side should be the object of the state, and (2) that the proposed regulation would injure trade and drive it out of the country, eventually reducing not only the capitalists, but also the workers to beggary. See Hutchins, op. cit., p. 27. ' See Podmore, Life of Robert Owen. 1 It is a matter of common knowledge that such reforms as were attempted in the Factory Amendment Acts of 1819 and 1825 were...

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