Overview

This book examines health indicators in sites in northern Belize and compares the results to the larger context of the health of the ancient lowland Maya. The research was completed through the analysis of the skeletal populations of three sites and by comparing results both within and among those sites.

Full Product Details

Author:   Hannah Plumer
Publisher:   BAR Publishing
Imprint:   BAR Publishing
Weight:   0.726kg
ISBN:  

9781407316277

ISBN 10:   1407316273
Pages:   182
Publication Date:   30 November 2017
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Available To Order  
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Table of Contents

List of Figures List of Tables Abstract Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. The Context for the Research in the Northern Three Rivers Region 2.1 Landscape and Geography 2.2 Chronology 2.2.1 The Archaic and Formative/Preclassic Periods 2.2.2 The Classic Period 2.2.3 The Maya 'Collapse' to the Historic Period 2.3 Historical Perceptions of the Maya 2.4 Maya Political Structure 2.4.1 Status and Social Structure 2.4.2 Houses, Homes, and Household Theory 2.4.3 Linages and the Concept of 'House' 2.4.4 Burial Practices and Mortuary Context 2.5 Maya Diet Chapter 3. Osteology and Health Indicators 3.1 Bone Structure 3.2 Methods and Sampling 3.3 The Taphonomic Processes 3.3.1 Preservation of Human Remains in Mesoamerica 3.4 A History of the Study of Osteology in the Maya Area 3.5 Health Indicators 3.5.1 Dental Pathologies Dental Caries Dental Calculus Periodontal Disease Antemortem Tooth Loss (AMTL) Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) 3.5.2 Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint Diseases 3.5.3 Schmorl's Nodes 3.5.4 Porotic Hyperostosis and Cribra Orbitalia 3.5.5 Nonspecific Infection: Osteomyelitis and Periosteal Reaction 3.5.6 Skeletal Trauma 3.5.7 Nonmetric Variation 3.6 Cranial and Dental Modifications to the Skeleton 3.6.1 Cranial Modification 3.6.2 Dental Modification Chapter 4. The Sample and Locational Context 4.1 The Northern Three Rivers Region 4.2 Study Site 1: Blue Creek 4.2.1 Blue Creek: The Blue Creek Site Core Blue Creek: Structure 13 Courtyard Group Blue Creek: Structure 19 Courtyard Group Blue Creek: Structure 25 group Blue Creek: Structure 1 Blue Creek: Structure 9 Blue Creek: Structure 24 4.2.2 Blue Creek: Kin Tan 4.2.3 Blue Creek: Chan Cahal 4.2.4 Blue Creek: Chum Balam Nah 4.2.5 Blue Creek: Akab Muklil 4.2.6 Blue Creek: Aak Witz 4.2.7 Blue Creek: Sayap Ha' 4.3 Study Site 2: Nojol Nah 4.3.1 Nojol Nah: El Palacio Courtyard, Nojol Nah Site Core 4.3.2 Nojol Nah: Operation 3, Nojol Nah Site Core 4.3.3 Nojol Nah: Courtyard 5E, Nojol Nah Site Core 4.3.4 Nojol Nah: The Nojol Nah Settlement Zone 4.3.5 Nojol Nah: Tulix Mul 4.4 Study Site 3: Xnoha 4.4.1 Xnoha: Courtyard Group 65 4.4.2 Xnoha: Patio 78 4.4.3 Xnoha: Structure 10 4.4.4 Xnoha: Structures 16, 16a, and Platform 17 4.4.5 Xnoha: Structure 103 Chapter 5. Osteological Methods 5.1 Estimating Age at Death 5.1.1 Immature Remains 5.1.2 Mature Remains Pelvis Dentition Cranial Sutures 5.2 Estimating Biological Sex 5.2.1 Immature Remains 5.2.2 Mature Remains Pelvis Morphology Cranial Morphology 5.3 Health Indicators 5.3.1 Dental Pathology Dental Caries Dental Calculus Dental Abscesses Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) 5.3.2 Porotic Hyperostosis 5.3.3 Cribra Orbitalia 5.3.4 Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease 5.3.5 Skeletal Trauma and Lesions 5.4 Skeletal Modifications 5.4.1 Cranial Modifications 5.4.2 Dental Modifications 5.5 Statistical Analysis Chapter 6. Sex and Age-at-Death: First Steps Towards a Population Demography 6.1 Population Demography of the Northern Three Rivers Region 6.1.1 The Dating of the Skeletal Sample 6.1.2 Biological Sex in the northern Three Rivers Region 6.1.3 Age at Death in the Three Rivers Region 6.2 The Blue Creek Skeletal Population 6.3 The Nojol Nah Skeletal Population 6.4 The Xnoha Skeletal Population 6.5 Biological Sex and Age at Death Results Chapter 7. Dental Health Indicators in the Northern Three Rivers Region 7.1 The Dental Study Material 7.2 Caries 7.2.1 Caries: Dentitions 7.2.2 Caries: Dental Arcades 7.3 Calculus 7.3.1 Calculus: Dentitions 7.3.2 Calculus: Dental Arcades 7.4 Periodontal Disease 7.5 Dental Abscesses 7.6 Antemortem Tooth Loss (ATML) 7.7 Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) 7.8 Dental Arcades: Supernumerary Dentition 7.9 Dental Health among immatures in the northern Three Rivers Region 7.9.1 Immature Dentition: Caries and Calculus 7.9.2 Immature Dentition: Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH) 7.10 Summary of Results Chapter 8. Skeletal Health Indicators in the Northern Three Rivers Region 8.1 Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) 8.2 Porotic Hyperostosis (PH 8.3 Cribra Orbitalia (CO) 8.4 Skeletal Trauma and Fractures 8.5 Mastoiditis 8.6 Osteomyelitis and Periosteal Reaction 8.7 Nonmetric Traits 8.8 Burials of Special Interest 8.8.1 Nojol Nah Burial 15b 8.8.2 Xnoha Burial 14-05 8.9 Summary of Results Chapter 9. Cranial and Dental Modifications to the Skeleton and Dentition 9.1 Cranial Modification in the northern Three Rivers Region 9.2 Cranial Modification, Porotic Hyperostosis, and Cribra Orbitalia 9.3 Dental Modification in the northern Three Rivers Region 9.3.1 Dental Modification and Biological Sex 9.3.2 Dental Modification at Blue Creek 9.3.3 Dental Modification at Nojol Nah 9.3.4 Dental Modification at Xnoha 9.3.5 Dental Modification and Caries 9.3.6 Dental Modification and Immature Dentition Chapter 10. Burial Contexts and Artefact Assemblages in the Northern Three Rivers Region 10.1 Burial Practices of the Northern Three Rivers Region 10.2 Non-Conforming Burials 10.2.1 Blue Creek Tomb 5 10.2.2 Blue Creek Kin Tan Chult

Reviews

'This volume documents an important database which will not be replicated for many years, if ever. It will stand as an often-cited case study.' Prof. Thomas H. Guderjan, University of Texas at Tyler 'A valuable work to anyone working on burials or mortuary patterns in Belize, or anyone doing broader syntheses of Maya mortuary behaviour more generally. More studies like these are sorely needed. ... Anyone working in Mesoamerica would be interested in this research and delighted at its publication.' Prof. James Fitzsimmons, Middlebury College, Vermont 'Adds to the accumulating data about Preclassic and Classic Maya skeletons and what they can tell us about the area in the past.' Prof. Rebecca Storey, University of Houston

'This volume documents an important database which will not be replicated for many years, if ever. It will stand as an often-cited case study.'  Prof. Thomas H. Guderjan, University of Texas at Tyler   'A valuable work to anyone working on burials or mortuary patterns in Belize, or anyone doing broader syntheses of Maya mortuary behaviour more generally. More studies like these are sorely needed. ... Anyone working in Mesoamerica would be interested in this research and delighted at its publication.'  Prof. James Fitzsimmons, Middlebury College, Vermont   'Adds to the accumulating data about Preclassic and Classic Maya skeletons and what they can tell us about the area in the past.' Prof. Rebecca Storey, University of Houston  

'This volume documents an important database which will not be replicated for many years, if ever. It will stand as an often-cited case study.' Prof. Thomas H. Guderjan, University of Texas at Tyler 'A valuable work to anyone working on burials or mortuary patterns in Belize, or anyone doing broader syntheses of Maya mortuary behaviour more generally. More studies like these are sorely needed. ... Anyone working in Mesoamerica would be interested in this research and delighted at its publication.' Prof. James Fitzsimmons, Middlebury College, Vermont 'Adds to the accumulating data about Preclassic and Classic Maya skeletons and what they can tell us about the area in the past.' Prof. Rebecca Storey, University of Houston

Author Information

Hannah Plumer received her doctorate in archaeology from the University of Sheffield in 2017. She has worked in Mesoamerica since 2009 and is involved in numerous projects relating to human osteology.

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