Overview

Essential handbook for all analytical scientists and laboratories using GC-MS, covering both the fundamental and practical aspects of this analytical technique From essentials to applications, Handbook of GC-MS:Fundamentals and Applications is a comprehensive reference and training compendium on the popular and evolving technique of GC-MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry), guiding readers through the most used sample preparation methods for GC-MS and method development, with many practical indications supporting the design of optimized analyses, and providing practical approaches to data processing, compound identification, and quantification. The text details both a solid background and principles of operation, as well as a broad range of current real-life examples taken from laboratories in environmental, food, pharmaceutical, and forensic analysis. It also features a glossary of more than 300 terms, and a comprehensive substance index that facilitates finding a specific application. This timely Fourth Edition covers the latest developments in automated sample preparation techniques and instrumentation, also with the focus on Green Analytical Chemistry. This comprehensive handbook presents GC-MS applications in various fields, with coverage of the well-known QuEChERS pesticide extraction, solid phase extraction and solid phase microextraction, static and dynamic headspace analysis, liquid/liquid extraction, outgassing, and thermal desorption, including pyrolysis. Single and triple quadrupole, Orbitrap, time-of-flight, magnetic sector, ion mobility and isotope ratio MS are discussed with their advantages and limitations. Sample topics covered in Handbook of GC-MS: Fundamentals and Applications include: Sample inlet systems for hot needle, liquid band injection with large volume and LC-GC application, carrier gas saving, choice of columns, septa and injection port liners Optimization of the GC method with carrier gas flow, effect of oven temperature ramp rates, fast GC, and multi-dimensional gas chromatography Ionization processes, electron and chemical ionization, resolution power in mass spectrometry, reading and interpreting mass spectra Extraction of mass spectra, manual spectrum subtraction, deconvolution of mass spectra, retention index, and library search of mass spectra Typical mass spectra of common analyte groups like pesticides, persistent organic pollutants, drugs; explosives; and of frequently occurring impurities Quantification using external and internal standards and standard addition methods. Determination of the limits of detection and quantitation. Applications covering food, water, flavor and fragrance, metabolomics, forensic and material analysis The Handbook of GC-MS: Fundamentals and Applications is an essential reference for the daily GC-MS practice and application of new methods. It serves as an excellent introduction for newcomers as well as an educational resource about this analytical technique. Analytical chemists, chromatographers, environmental chemists, food chemists, and pharmaceutical chemists will find it of high practical use.

Full Product Details

Author:   Hans-Joachim Hübschmann (Technical University in Berlin, Germany)
Publisher:   Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
Imprint:   Blackwell Verlag GmbH
Edition:   4th edition
Dimensions:   Width: 17.00cm , Height: 1.50cm , Length: 24.40cm
Weight:   0.680kg
ISBN:  

9783527354030

ISBN 10:   3527354034
Pages:   928
Publication Date:   02 April 2025
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  College/higher education ,  Professional & Vocational ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Out of stock  
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Table of Contents

Table of contents 1 Introduction 1.1 The Historical Development of the GC-MS Technique 2 Fundamentals 2.1 Sample Preparation Solid Phase Extraction Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Micro Solid Phase Extraction Solid Phase Microextraction Pressurized Liquid Extraction In-Cell Sample Preparation In-Cell Moisture Removal In-Cell Hydrocarbon Oxidation Headspace Techniques Static Headspace Technique Dynamic Headspace Technique (Purge and Trap) Coupling of Purge and Trap with GC-MS Systems Headspace versus Purge and Trap Adsorptive Enrichment and Thermal Desorption Sample Collection Calibration Desorption Pyrolysis Foil Pyrolysis Curie Point Pyrolysis Micro-furnace Pyrolysis Thermal Extraction (Outgassing) QuEChERS Sample Preparation 2.2 Gas Chromatography Sample Inlet Systems Carrier Gas Regulation Forward Pressure Regulation Back Pressure Regulation Carrier Gas Saving Injection Port Septa Septum Purge The MicroSeal Septum Injection Port Liner Split Injection Splitless Injection Liner Activity and Deactivation Liner Geometry Vaporizing Sample Injection Techniques Hot Needle Thermo Spray Injection Technique Cold Needle Liquid Band Injection Technique Filled Needle Injections Split Injection Splitless Injection (Total Sample Transfer) Concurrent Solvent Recondensation Concurrent Backflush Temperature Programmable Injection Systems The PTV Cold Injection System The PTV Injection Procedures The Multimode Injector Cryofocussing PTV Cryo-Enrichment Non-Vaporizing injection Techniques On-Column Injection update PTV On-Column Injection LC-GC Liquid transfer Capillary Column Choice and Separation Optimization Choice of Carrier Gas Sample Capacity Internal Diameter Film Thickness Column Length Setting the Carrier Gas Flow Properties of Column Phases Properties of Ionic Liquid Phases Chromatography Parameters The Chromatogram and Its Meaning Capacity Factor k' Chromatographic Resolution Factors Affecting the Resolution Maximum Sample Capacity Peak Symmetry Optimization of Carrier Gas Flow Effect of Oven Temperature Ramp Rate Fast Gas Chromatography Solutions Fast Chromatography Ultra-Fast Chromatography Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Heart Cutting Comprehensive GC - GC�GC Modulation Detection Data Handling Moving Capillary Stream Switching Classical Detectors for GC-MS Systems Flame-Ionization Detector (FID) Nitrogen-Phosphorous Detector (NPD) Electron Capture Detector (ECD) Photo Ionization Detector (PID) Electrolytical Conductivity Detector (ELCD) Flamephotometric Detector (FPD) Pulsed Discharge Detector (PDD) u Olfactometry Classical Detectors Parallel to the Mass Spectrometer re Microchannel Devices 2.3 Mass Spectrometry Ionization Processes Reading Mass Spectra Electron Ionization Chemical Ionization Resolution Power Resolving Power and Resolution in Mass Spectrometry Unit Mass Resolution High Mass Resolution The Orbitrap Analyser High and Low Mass Resolution in the Case of Dioxin Analysis Time-of-Flight Analyser Ion Mobility Isotope Ratio Monitoring GC-MS The Principles of Isotope Ratio Monitoring Notations in irm-GC-MS Isotopic Fractionation irm-GC-MS Technology The Open Split Interface Compound Specific Isotope Analysis On-Line Combustion for d 13C and d 15N Detrmination The Oxidation Reactor The Reduction Reactor Water Removal The Liquid Nitrogen Trap On-Line High Temperature Conversion for d 2H and d 18O Determination Mass Spectrometer for Isotope Ratio Analysis Injection of Reference Gases Isotope Reference Materials Acquisition Techniques in GC-MS Detection of the Complete Mass Spectrum (Full Scan) Recording Individual Masses (SIM/MID) High Resolution Accurate Mass MID Data Acquisition MS/MS ? Tandem Mass Spectrometry Mass Calibration Vacuum Systems References 3 Evaluation of GC-MS Analyses 3.1 Display of Chromatograms Total Ion Current Chromatograms Mass Chromatograms 3.2 Substance Identification Extraction of Mass Spectra Manual Spectrum Subtraction Deconvolution of Mass Spectra The Retention Index Libraries of Mass Spectra Universal Mass Spectral Libraries Application Libraries of Mass Spectra Library Search Programs The NIST Search Procedure Interpretation of Mass Spectra Isotope Patterns Fragmentation and Rearrangement Reactions DMOX Derivatives for Location of Double Bond Positions Mass Spectroscopic Features of Selected Substance Classes Volatile Halogenated Hydrocarbons Benzene/Toluene/Ethylbenzene/Xylenes (BTEX, Alkylaromatics) Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Phenols Pesticides Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Polychlorinated Dioxins/Furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Drugs Explosives ChemicalWarfare Agents Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) 3.3 Quantitation Acquisition Rate Decision Limit Limit of Detection Limit of Quantitation Sensitivity The Calibration Function Quantitation and Standardization External Standardization Internal Standardization The Standard Addition Procedure The Accuracy of Analytical Data 3.4 Frequently Occurring Impurities References 4 Applications Air Analysis According to EPA Method TO-14 BTEX in Surface Water as of EPA Method 8260 Static Headspace Analysis of Volatile Priority Pollutants MAGIC 60 -Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds irm-GC-MS of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Purge and Trap Extraction Flavour Identification Organotin Compounds in Water Multi-Method for Pesticides by Single Quadrupole MS Analysis of Dithiocarbamate Pesticides GC-MS/MS Target Compound Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Difficult Matrices Multi-Component Pesticide Analysis by MS/MS Multiresidue Pesticides Analysis in Ayurvedic Churna Determination of Polar Aromatic Amines by SPME Analysis of Nitrosamines in Beer Phthalates in Liquors Analysis of the Natural Spice Ingredients Capsaicin, Piperine, Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde Aroma Profiling of Cheese by Thermal Extraction 48 Allergens Analysis of Azo Dyes in Leather and Textiles Identification of Extractables and Leachables Metabolite Profiling of Natural Volatiles and Extracts Fast GC Quantification of 16 EC Priority PAH Components Multiclass Environmental Contaminants in Fish Fast GC of PCBs Dioxin Screening in Food and Feed Confirmation Analysis of Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs Analysis of Brominated Flame Retardants PBDE Comprehensive Drug Screening and Quantitation Determination of THC-Carbonic Acid in Urine by NCI Detection of Drugs in Hair Screening for Drugs of Abuse Structural Elucidation by Chemical Ionization and MS/MS Volatile Compounds in Car Interior Materials References Glossary Further Reading Index

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Author Information

Hans-Joachim Hübschmann, PhD, graduated as Certified Food Chemist from the Technical University in Berlin, Germany. In 2002 he joined Thermo Fisher Scientific in Bremen, Germany, and held different international positions in inorganic and isotope ratio mass spectrometry and high-resolution GC-MS and GC-MS/MS. In 2015 he established the independent consulting agency HANS Analytical Solutions. In his current capacity Hans-Joachim is serving private and industrial laboratories and international analytical instrument companies for green and automated methods development as well as trainings.

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