Overview

The main idea of the book is to present the up-to-date understanding of the main runoff generation processes in different physiographic conditions, to outline the developed physically based models of these processes, and to suggest the approaches to modeling of the runoff generation according to time-space scales, practical hydrological problems and available geographic and hydrometeorological information. The book is based to a considerable extent on experience of the Russian school of experimental and theoretical hydrology and own results of the author and his collaborates. The physically based models of main processes of runoff generation is reviewed including models of rainfall and snow interception, snow cover formation and snowmelt, vertical heat and moisture transfer in the freezing and thawing soil, vertical movement of the soil moisture and evapotranspiration, overland, subsurface, and ground flow, water movement in river channels. The consideration of models contains describing numerical methods used for their realizations and results of their evaluation against experimental data. A significant attention is paid to peculiarities of the runoff generation mechanisms and approaches to the distributed runoff generation model constructing, determining model parameters, and model validation depending on the available apriory and experimental information. The possibilities of applications of the physically based and dynamic-stochastic models for hydrological forecasting, estimating probabilistic characteristics of extreme floods and assessing men's induced alterations of river runoff are illustrated using case-studies for several Russian rivers.

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9781402039652

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