Overview

nomenon [26]. Indeed, Krieg et al. [21] showed that the elimination of the CpG in a particular ODN invariably abolished immune stimulation, but changes in the ODN sequences that did not affect the CpG or the flanking bases did not alter the immuno- stimulatory (IS) effect. Furthermore, they extended the initial observations of the IS effects to non-palindromic CpG-enriched ODN [21]. Subsequent studies showed that CpG-enriched ODN also induce the secretion of IL-6 and IL-12 [19] and IFN-a [6, 27]. By adding or deleting various IS sequences (ISS)-ODN to or from different pDNAs, it was demonstrated that the ISS have a pivotal role in the induction of the subsequent immune response to the gene product in gene-vaccinated animals. The enhanced Thl immune response induced by gene vaccination is the consequence of the activation of the innate immune response by the ISS in the pDNA backbone [30, 31], rather than the low dose of intracellularly produced antigen. The cell activation products induced by the ISS, i. e. , IFN-a [3], IFN-~ [43], IL-12 [37], and IL-18 [25], are established inducers of IFN-y synthesis and promote the differentiation of naive T helper cells to Thl lym- phocytes. Thus, the ISS activate the precise innate cytokine network required to pro- mote Thl differentiation (see Fig. 1). In a recent study it was demonstrated that this ap- proach is also applicable to a protein antigen.

Full Product Details

Author:   Eyal Raz
Publisher:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG
Imprint:   Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
Edition:   Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998
Dimensions:   Width: 15.50cm , Height: 1.00cm , Length: 23.50cm
Weight:   0.300kg
ISBN:  

9783642468698

ISBN 10:   3642468691
Pages:   180
Publication Date:   25 February 2012
Audience:   Professional and scholarly ,  Professional & Vocational
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Manufactured on demand  
We will order this item for you from a manufactured on demand supplier.

Table of Contents

Introduction: Gene Vaccination, Current Concepts and Future Directions.- Plasmid DNA Vaccination: Mechanism of Antigen Presentation.- The Development of a Multivalent DNA Vaccine for Malaria.- DNA Vaccination with Co-Stimulatory Molecules.- Gene Immunization for the Induction of Antigen-Specific, Non MHC-Restricted Responses.- DNA Vaccines With Rapid Intracellular Degradation are More Effective for Inducing CTL.- Genetic Vaccination Against Tuberculosis.- DNA Gene Vaccination for HIV.- DNA-Based Immunization Against Hepatitis B Virus.- Gene Vaccination for Hepatitis C.- Gene Immunization for Allergic Disorders.- Immunization With DNA Vaccines in Early Life: Advantages and Limitations as Compared to Convential Vaccines.- DNA Vaccination by Somatic Transgene Immunization.- DNA Vaccines: Safety and Efficacy Issues.- Genetic Vaccines — A Revolution in Vaccinology?.

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