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Author:   G. W. Beadle ,  A. J. Haagen-Smit ,  T. G. Halsall ,  F. T. Haxo
Publisher:   Springer Verlag GmbH
Imprint:   Springer Verlag GmbH
Edition:   1955 ed.
Volume:   v.12
Weight:   1.200kg
ISBN:  

9783211803714

ISBN 10:   3211803718
Pages:   560
Publication Date:   January 1955
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  Undergraduate ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   Out of stock  
The supplier is temporarily out of stock of this item. It will be ordered for you on backorder and shipped when it becomes available.
Language:   English, german & French

Table of Contents

/ Contents / Table des matieres.- Sesquiterpenes and Diterpenes.- I. Sesquiterpenes.- 1. Acyclic Sesquiterpenes.- 2. Bisabolene and Cadinene Type Sesquiterpenes.- 3. Eudesmol Type Sesquiterpenes.- 4. Elemol.- 5. Eremophilone.- 6. Iresin.- 7. Azulene Type Sesquiterpenes.- Synthesis and Properties of Azulenes.- 8. Longifolene.- 9. Caryophyllene.- 10. ?-Caryophyllene Alcohol.- 11. Humulene.- 12. Cedrene.- II. Diterpenes.- 1. Structure.- 2. Stereochemistry of the Diterpenes.- III. The Biogenesis of Sesqui- and Diterpenes.- Biogenesis and Nomenclature.- References.- Tetracyclic Triterpenes.- I. Introduction.- II. Lanostane Type Group.- 1. Lanosterol Group.- Occurrence and Isolation.- Nomenclature.- Interrelationship of Lanosterol, Agnosterol and their Dihydro-derivatives.- Structure of Lanosterol.- Location of the Inert Double Bond.- The Side-chain and Ring D.- Stereochemistry of Lanosterol.- Rings A and B.- Rings C and D.- Side-chain Configuration.- Stereochemistry at C(8) and C(9) in Lanostane Derivatives.- Lanost-7-enol.- Synthesis oi Lanostenol.- 2. Eburicoic Acid.- 3. Polyporenic Acid A.- 4. Polyporenic Acid C.- 5. Tumulosic Acid (Polyporenic Acid B).- 6. Pinicolic Acid A.- 7. Trametenolic Acid A.- 8. cycloArtenol.- 9. cycloLaudenol.- III. Euphane Type Group.- 1. Euphol.- 2. Butyrospermol.- 3. Tirucallol.- 4. Euphorbol.- 5. The Acids of Manila Elemi Resin.- IV. Compounds of Unknown Structure.- References.- Neuere Vorstellungen auf dem Gebiete der Biosynthese der Steroide und verwandter Naturstoffe.- I. Einleitung.- II. Steroidbiogenese mit markierten Verbindungen.- 1. Essigsaure als Baustein.- 2. Die Rolle des Squalens.- III. Unsere Kenntnisse der biologischen Beziehungen der Steroide untereinander.- 1. Ein C27-Sterol als Vorstufe der Pflanzensterole mit 28 und 29 C-Atomen.- 2. Gibt es Unterschiede der Biosynthese von Steroiden bei Tieren und Pflanzen?.- 3. Ist ein C27-Sterol obligates Zwischenprodukt bei der Biogenese aller Steroide?.- 4. Die C30- und C31-Steroide.- IV. Die Hypothesen der Steroidbiogenese.- 1. Squalen-Hypothese.- 2. Isosqualen-Hypothese.- 3. Hypothese von Miescher.- 4. Hypothese von Tschesche und Korte.- 5. Neue Vorstellungen.- V. Schlussbetrachtung.- Some Biochemical Aspects of Fungal Carotenoids.- I. Introduction.- II. Occurrence of Carotenoids in Fungi.- 1. Carotenes with Formula C40H56.- 2. Carotenoid Hydrocarbons more Saturated than C40H56.- 3. Neutral Xanthophylls.- 4. Acidic Xanthophylls.- III. Carotenoid Formation in Fungi.- 1. Interrelationships of the C40-Polyenes.- a) Mutant Studies.- b) Inhibitor Studies.- c) Studies of Light-Activated Carotenoid Synthesis.- d) Temperature Studies.- 2. Precursors of the C40-Polyenes.- IV. Physiological Role of Fungal Carotenoids.- 1. Carotenoids in Sexual and Reproductive Processes.- 2. Carotenoids as Photosensitizers.- V. Conclusion.- References.- The Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids.- I. Introduction: Origin, Occurrence and Nature of the Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids.- Nature of the Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids.- Isolation.- II. The Basic Hydrolysis Products.- Retronecine, Platynecine and Heliotridine as Derivatives of Heliotridane.- The Degradation of Heliotridane.- The Structure of Retronecine and Platynecine.- The Structure of Heliotridine.- Monohydroxy-methylpyrrolizidines : Trachelanthamidine and Supinidine.- N-Oxides: Trachelanthidine and Isatinecine.- Syntheses of Pyrrolizidine Bases.- Stereochemistry and Syntheses of Heliotridane, Pseudo-heliotridane and their Derivatives.- Trihydroxy-methylpyrrohzidine: Rosmarinecine.- Bases of Unknown Structure: Mikanecine, Hastanecine, Turneforcidine and Otonecine.- Summary of the Structures of the Bases.- III. The Acid Hydrolysis Products.- C10-Acids.- Isatinecic and Retronecic Acids.- Senecic, Integerrinecic and Usaramoensinecic Acids.- Seneciphyllic and isoSeneciphyllic Acids.- Riddellic Acid.- Sceleranecic and Sceleratinic Acids.- Jaconecic Acid and the Neutral Lactone from Jaconine.- C10-Acids of Undetermined Structure.- Senecifolic, Squalinecic, Mikanecic, Grantianic and Hastanecic Acids.- Monocrotalic and Dicrotalic Acids.- Acids having Seven-Carbon Skeleton Structures.- Trachelanthic Acid.- Viridifloric Acid.- Heliotrinic Acid.- Lasiocarpic Acid.- Acid from Makrotomine.- Acid from Trichodesmine.- IV. The Structures of the Alkaloids.- Alkaloids from Monohydroxy-methylpyrrolizidines.- A. Alkaloids of Trachelanthamidine.- Trachelanthamine.- Viridiflorine.- Makrotomine.- B. Alkaloids from Supinidine.- Supinine.- 'Base C'.- C. Alkaloids from D-isoRetronecanol.- Lindelofine.- Lindelofamine.- Alkaloids from Heliotridine: Heliotrine, 'Base G' Lasiocarpine.- C18-Alkaloids from Retronecine, Platynecine and Rosmarinecine.- Retrorsine, Isatidine.- Riddelliine.- Senecionine.- Integerrimine.- Usaramoensine.- Platyphylline.- Rosmarinine.- Seneciphylline.- Grantianine.- Sarracine.- Sceleratine.- Senecifoline.- Alkaloids from Senecio brasiliensis.- Monocrotaline.- Dicrotaline.- The Alkaloids as N-Oxides.- V. Pharmacology (with M. E. Von Klemperer).- References.- Paper Chromatography in the Study of the Structure of Peptides and Proteins.- I. Principles of Paper Chromatography.- II. Paper Chromatographic Techniques.- 1. Choice of Paper.- 2. Preparation of the Material for Chromatography.- 3. Application of the Material to the Paper.- 4. Effect of pH.- 5. Apparatus.- 6. Solvents.- 7. Drying of Chromatograms.- 8. Detection of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins on Paper.- a) General Reagents.- b) Non-Specific Reagents.- c) Specific Colour Reactions for Some Amino Acids and Peptides.- III. The Determination of the Amino Acid Composition of Peptides and Proteins.- 1. Qualitative Analysis.- 2. Quantitative Analysis.- a) Measurements Applied Directly on the Paper.- b) Methods Involving Elution from the Paper after Reaction with a Reagent.- c) Methods Involving Elution from the Paper before Reaction.- IV. Identification of Terminal Sequences in Peptides and Proteins.- 1. N-Terminal Sequences.- a) Dinitrofluorobenzene Method.- b) Isothiocyanate Method.- c) Other Methods.- 2. C-Terminal Sequences.- a) Carboxypeptidase Method.- b) Reduction Methods.- c) Other Methods.- 3. Conclusion.- V. The Determination of Amino Acid Sequences in Long Chain Polypeptides and Proteins.- 1. Separation of Component Chains.- 2. Methods for the Partial Hydrolysis of Peptides and Proteins.- 3. Isolation and Purification of Peptides.- 4. Deduction of Polypeptide Sequence from the Structure of Lower Peptides.- VI. Concluding Remarks.- References.- Acides amines iodes et iodoproteines.- I. Introduction.- II. Les acides amines iodes.- 1. Caracteres analytiques generaux des acides amines iodes.- 2. Iodotyrosines et iodohistidines.- a) Iodotyrosines.- 1 L-3-Monoiodotyrosine.- 2 L-3 : 5-Diiodotyrosine.- b) Iodohistidines.- c) Reaction d'ioduration de la L-tyrosine, de la L-histidine et de leurs derives.- 3. Iodothyronines et derives.- a) Iodothyronines.- 1 Monoiodothyronines.- 2 Diiodothyronines.- 3 Triiodothyronines.- 4 Thyroxine.- b) Derives de la thyronine.- 1 Derives substitues sur les noyaux.- 2 Derives substitues sur le phenol.- 3 Modification de la liaison entre les deux noyaux.- c) Derives de la thyronine avec modifications de la chaine laterale.- 1 Acides amines et derives.- 2 Acides.- 4. Acides amines marques par I131.- a) Iodotyrosines marquees.- b) Iodothyronines marquees.- III. Iodoproteines.- 1. Proteines artificiellement iodees.- a) Ioduration des proteines et reactions de substitution.- b) Formation de thyroxine au cours de l'ioduration des proteins.- c) Mecanisme chimique de formation de la thyroxine et de la 3 : 5 : 3?-triiodothyronine.- 2. Thyroglobuline.- a) Preparation.- b) Proprietes et composition en acides amines.- c) Iode et acides amines iodes.- 3. Scleroproteines iodees.- a) Gorgpnines et antipathines.- b) Spongines.- Bibliographie.- Chemistry and Biochemistry of Snake Venoms.- I. Introduction.- II. Snakes and Venoms.- 1. Zoological Classification of Poisonous Snakes.- 2. Poison Apparatus.- 3. Extraction of Venom.- 4. Drying and Conservation of Venom.- III. The Action of Venoms.- 1. Pharmacological Activity.- a) Curare Group.- b) Circulation Group.- c) Hemorrhagic Group.- d) Toxic Value.- 2. Enzymic Activity.- IV. Enzymes from Snake Venoms.- 1. Esterases.- a) Phospholipase A (Lecithinase A).- b) Phospholipases B and C.- c) Phosphoesterases.- d) 5-Nucleotidase.- e) Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase).- f) Ophio-cholinesterase (OChEase).- 2. Carbohydrases : Hyaluronidase.- 3. Proteases.- a) Proteinases.- b) Peptidases.- c) Proteolytic Enzymes and Coagulation.- 4. Oxidases.- a) Catalase.- b) Ophio-L-Amino Acid Oxidase (OAAO).- 5. Inhibiting Enzymes.- V. Separation, Purification, and Crystallization of Biologically Active Venom Constituents.- 1. Non-proteins.- 2. First Attempts, to Separate Active Proteins.- 3. The Active Principles from Naja Venoms.- a) Neurotoxin.- b) Constitution of Neurotoxin.- c) Hemolysin.- d) Properties and Composition of Crystalline Hemolysin.- e) Cholinesterase.- f) Cardiotoxin.- g) Inhibitor.- 4. Neurotoxin from Bungarus fasciatus Venom.- 5. The Neurotoxic and Coagulating Principles from Vipera russellii Venom.- 6. Active Proteins from Crotalus t. terrificus Venom.- a) Coagulin.- b) Preparation of Crotoxin.- c) Composition, Chemical Properties and Homogeneity of Crotoxin.- d) Biological Properties of Crotoxin.- e) The Structure of Crotoxin.- VI. Electrophoresis of Snake Venoms.- References.- Gene Structure and Gene Action.- The Gene as a Biological Unit.- The Chemistry of the Genetic Material.- Transforming Principles.- The Genetics of Viruses.- The Structure of DNA.- Gene Specificity.- Gene Reproduction.- Gene Mutation.- Gene Function.- Genetics of Hemoglobin Structure.- Genes and Enzymes.- Genes and Aromatic Amino Acids.- Summarizing Discussion.- References.- Namenverzeichnis. Index of Names. Index des Auteurs.- Sachverzeichnis. Index of Subjects. Index des Matieres.

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