Overview

Nigeria faces persistent insecurity, including insurgency, terrorism, banditry, kidnapping, and sexual violence. Despite extensive security measures, these threats persist, indicating that reactive approaches alone are insufficient. This paper argues that a root cause of insecurity is legal and civic ignorance, which begins from childhood. Many youths grow up without understanding the law, civic duties, or consequences of criminal behavior, making them susceptible to criminal networks and extremist ideologies. Using conceptual analysis, social observations, and comparative perspectives, the paper advocates for integrating legal, civic, and introductory criminology education into elementary schools. Age-appropriate teaching on property rights, personal safety, moral reasoning, and national security can cultivate law-abiding, socially responsible citizens. Lessons from countries such as Finland, Singapore, South Africa, and Japan demonstrate the long-term benefits of early civic education. Policy recommendations include curriculum integration, teacher training, community engagement, and inter-agency collaboration. By instilling legal consciousness from a young age, Nigeria can reduce crime, strengthen governance, and foster sustainable national development.

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