Overview

Ethno-confessional, ethnopolitical, racial, and religious wars are the variations of a social crisis, manifested in the form of a conflict between individual strata of the population or a group of people and the state. Such conflicts are based on cultural and religious differences, according to which each person determines his/her position in society according to several features based on traditional and religious values. The number, role, and importance of ethnopolitical and ethnoconfessional crises in the modern world is experiencing many fluctuations, such as globalization, the transition from the practice of world conflicts to regional, a sharp increase in the availability of information, in most cases the disinformation or illiteracy, and manipulations form the certain interested circles, and more. Such kind conflicts tend to the manipulation of public consciousness, which leads to the social disintegration of and hinders the harmonious development of the country and threatens national security. The problem of religious and ethnic conflicts in the modern world needs a more complex approach since these conflicts affect many countries and the resolution of conflicts, based on religious and ethnic contradictions, is a tough and time-consuming process. Under certain conditions, a religious conflict becomes a form of expression of class, estate, interethnic contradictions, and the confrontation of states. Today, religion and ethnicity influence various social strata and groups, which makes the issue relevant to study the processes occurring directly in the religious environment, as well as to analyze their relationship with the state and society. This book explores civil position and identity, conflict preconditions, the start of conflict, and its development, the ways in which to avoid conflict or find solutions, the consequences of such conflicts, and the ways to avoid xenophobia and discrimination to create a solid base for ethnic and religious integration. This book critically explores social injustice, hostility, and inequality towards religious and ethnic groups and the overall impacts for economic, political, or national interests and ethic or class-based clashes that result from it.

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9781799889113

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Emilia Alaverdov, Georgian Technical University, Georgia Muhammad Waseem Bari, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

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