Overview

This book sets out to provide a guide for those who wish to make predictions about the behaviour of non-Newtonian fluids in engineering. The plan of the book is centred around kinematics - that there is a great interplay of the microscopic variables relevant to a non-Newtonian fluid and the stresses developed in a given large-scale kinematic field. The text starts with surveys of some non-Newtonian behaviour and of classical continuum mechanics. This is followed by a description of the two main kinematic fields - shearing and extensional flows. A survey of continuum and molecular-based relations is also given and recommendations are made for the choice of constitutive relation for various problems - kinematics is the main factor in the choice of equation. A chapter is devoted to a discussion of lubrication and calendaring as examples of flows that are close to viscometric or shearing flows. Spinning and film-blowing are used to illustrate nearly extensional flows and because of the analytical difficulties present in non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, a chapter is devoted to numerical methods of solution (finite elements and boundary elements) using as examples the entry flow and extrudate swell problems. The topic of thermal effects in flows is then presented and the final chapter contains material on stability and turbulence, including drag reduction in dilute solutions. This revised edition also contains an updated chapter on extrusion, in particular taking into account the progress in numerical simulation.

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9780198561972

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