Overview

Through a review of historical scholarship of the past century, and an analysis of data drawn from archaeological excavations and surveys and from written and historical records from the late second and early first millennium, the author reconstructs the historical basis of Israel's origins within the contexts of geography, anthropology and sociology. Thompson argues that none of the traditional models for the origin of biblical Israel in terms of conquest, peaceful settlement, or revolution are viable. The indigenous nature of the Israelite people has roots that lead back to the late Neolitic period. The Iron I period is not the period in which the origins of Israel are to be sought. Rather the geographical and regional expansion of settlements in this period reflect and economic response to drought conditions that affected the entire East Mediterranean basin. The ninth- to eighth-century states of Sammaria and Jerusalem had separate and independent origins rooted in the development of a Mediterranean economy and an expansion of trade brought about by Assyrian interests. The development of the ethnic concept of biblical Israel with its roots in the United Monarchy finds its context in history first at the time of the Persian renaissance guided by the theological concepts of ""exile"" and ""restoration"". Finally, Thompson argues that biblical Israel is historically the creation of the tradition itself in the Persian period and attempts to outline both a historical context and an interpretative matrix for the Bible.

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Reviews

' His book is a work of tremendous scholarship. He has been meticulous in his research, and brave in expressing what many of us have thought intuitively for a long time but have been reticent in saying.'<br>Jonathan Tubb, The Independent on Sunday, 1993.<br>'.. .deserves careful consideration.'<br>J. Maxwell Miller, Journal of Biblical Literature, 1994.<br>'.. .a volume to recommend to others.'<br>J. Andrew Dearman, New History of American Jews.<br>' A stimulating book, bound to provoke much discussion...'<br> Zeitschriftenschau f]r Bibelwissenschaft und Grenzgebiete, 1992/93.<br>' Thomas Thompson has written a remarkable book...a stimulating, often outrageous book.'<br>J. D. Muhly, Shofar, 1994.<br>' This book is a major contribution to the current discussion of the origins and history of Israel by one of the leading participants.'<br>Rich Johnson, Southwestern Journal of Theology, 1996.<br>

Author Information

Thomas L. Thompson, is Associate Professor of Old Testament, Marquette University in Milwaukee, and author of The Historicity of the Patriarchal Narratives (1974). More recent publications are The Origin Tradition of Ancient Israel (1987), and Toponymie Palestinienne (1988).

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