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This article is about the demographic features of the population of Spain, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Spain has 46,157,822 inhabitants according to 2008 census. Its population density, at 91.4/km (229/sq. mile), is lower than that of most Western European countries. With the exception of the capital, Madrid, the most populous regions lie around the coast. The population of Spain doubled during the twentieth century, but the pattern of growth was extremely uneven due to large-scale internal migration from the rural interior to the industrial cities, a phenomenon which happened later than in other Western European countries. No fewer than eleven of Spain's fifty provinces saw an absolute decline in population over the century.

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