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This article is about the demographic features of the population of Egypt, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Egypt is the most populous country in the Middle East and the second-most populous on the African continent (after Nigeria). Nearly 100% of the country's 78,887,007 (2006 est.) people live in three major regions of the country. Cairo and Alexandria and elsewhere along the banks of the Nile; throughout the Nile delta, which fans out north of Cairo; and along the Suez Canal. These regions are among the world's most densely populated containing an average of over 3,820 persons per square mile, as compared to 181 persons per sq. mi. for the country as a whole. Small communities spread throughout the desert regions of Egypt are clustered around oases and historic trade and transportation routes. The government has tried with mixed success to encourage migration to newly irrigated land reclaimed from the desert. However, the proportion of the population living in rural areas has continued to decrease as people move to the cities in search of employment and a higher standard of living.

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