Overview

The availability of large volumes of data and the generalized use of computer tools has transformed research and data analysis, orienting it towards certain specialized techniques encompassed under the generic name of Analytics that includes Multivariate Data Analysis (MDA), Data Mining and other Business Intelligence techniques.Data Mining can be defined as a process of discovering new and significant relationships, patterns and trends when examining large amounts of data. The techniques of Data Mining pursue the automatic discovery of the knowledge contained in the information stored in an orderly manner in large databases. These techniques aim to discover patterns, profiles and trends through the analysis of data using advanced statistical techniques of multivariate data analysis.The goal is to allow the researcher-analyst to find a useful solution to the problem raised through a better understanding of the existing data.Data Mining uses two types of techniques: predictive techniques, which trains a model on known input and output data so that it can predict future outputs, and descriptive techniques, which finds hidden patterns or intrinsic structures in input data.The aim of predictive techniques is to build a model that makes predictions based on evidence in the presence of uncertainty. A predictive algorithm takes a known set of input data and known responses to the data (output) and trains a model to generate reasonable predictions for the response to new data. Data Mining techniques uses neural networks classification and regression techniques to develop predictive models.-Classification techniques predict categorical responses, for example, whether an email is genuine or spam, or whether a tumor is cancerous or benign. Classification models classify input data into categories. Typical applications include medical imaging, image and speech recognition, and credit scoring.-Regression techniques predict continuous responses, for example, changes in temperature or fluctuations in power demand. Typical applications include electricity load forecasting and algorithmic trading.Descriptive techniques finds hidden patterns or intrinsic structures in data. It is used to draw inferences from datasets consisting of input data without labeled responses. Clustering is the most common descriptive technique. It is used for exploratory data analysis to find hidden patterns or groupings in data. Applications for clustering include gene sequence analysis, market research, and object recognition.

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