Overview

Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: CHAPTER III. INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS OF NORMAL URINE. The principal inorganic constituents of the urine are the chlorides, phosphates, and sulphates, which are in combination with sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, and magnesium; also traces of carbonates of the alkalies. There are also traces of iron, fluorine, and silicic acid, as well as free gases, including carbonic acid, nitrogen, and oxygen. The combined quantities of these various substances amount to between nine and twenty-five grams in twenty- four hours. CHLORIDES. Chlorine exists in the urine chiefly as sodium chloride, although small amounts are in combination with potassium and ammonium. The chlorides, next to urea, constitute the chief solid constituent of the urine. They are derived from the food, ?that is, the sodium chloride ingested with the food, ?and under normal conditions practically all of this salt ingested is eliminated in the urine in an equivalent amount. The quantity of sodium chloride in the twenty-four-hour urine is normally between 10 and 20 grams, and, calculated as chlorine, amounts to between 8 and 12 grams. A person ingesting food unusually rich in sodium chloride may eliminate more than 20 grams (NaCl), and the quantity may even reach 40 or 50 grams in the twenty-four hours. On the other hand, if the amount of nourishment is diminished, a decrease in the elimination of the chlorides is observed. If this is carried to the point of starvation, the chlorides almost entirely disappear from the urine, the traces remaining being derived from the tissues and fluids of the body. The latter retain tenaciously a certain amount of sodiumchloride, and if, following a period of starvation, food containing sodium chloride is again taken, not all appears in the urine, but a portion is reta..

Full Product Details

9780217824101

Table of Contents

Reviews

Author Information

Tab Content 6

Customer Reviews

Recent Reviews

Countries Available