Overview

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease encompassing a wide variety of pathological entities and a wide range of clinical characteristics (Simpson, et al., 2005). This carcinoma originates from the breast tissue, most commonly in cells from the lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk and has two different growth types: ductal or lobular. Most breast cancer are invasive type which spreads outside the membrane of the lobule or milk duct into the surrounding breast tissue, and can then migrate into the lymph nodes in the armpit or beyond to other organs (Reiner, 1999). The female breast is mostly made up of a collection of fat cells called adipose tissue. This tissue extends from the collarbone down to the underarm and across to the middle of the ribcage. A healthy female breast is made up of 12-20 sections called lobes. Each of these lobes is made up of many smaller lobules, the gland that produces milk in nursing women. Both the lobes and lobules are connected by milk ducts, which act as stems or tube to carry the milk to the nipple. These breast structures are generally where the cancer begins to form. It is important to note that a tail of breast tissue called the ""axillary tail of Spence"" does extend into the axilla.

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