Brokers of Modernity: East Central Europe and the Rise of Modernist Architects, 1910-1950

Author:   Martin Kohlrausch
Publisher:   Leuven University Press
ISBN:  

9789462701724


Pages:   400
Publication Date:   11 March 2019
Format:   Paperback
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
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Brokers of Modernity: East Central Europe and the Rise of Modernist Architects, 1910-1950


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Author:   Martin Kohlrausch
Publisher:   Leuven University Press
Imprint:   Leuven University Press
Dimensions:   Width: 17.00cm , Height: 2.30cm , Length: 23.00cm
Weight:   0.740kg
ISBN:  

9789462701724


ISBN 10:   9462701725
Pages:   400
Publication Date:   11 March 2019
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Postgraduate, Research & Scholarly
Format:   Paperback
Publisher's Status:   Active
Availability:   In Print   Availability explained
This item will be ordered in for you from one of our suppliers. Upon receipt, we will promptly dispatch it out to you. For in store availability, please contact us.

Table of Contents

Note on Translation Abbreviations Introduction Brokers of Modernity Why Modernist Architects? Modernist Architects and Modernity Thematic and Temporal Structures 1. Modernity in Eastern Europe – East European Modernism? The European East – Sketches of a Projection screen East Central Europe – A Space of Crisis? The Post-Monarchic State and the Legacy of the War Eastern Modernity Conclusion 2. Architects as Experts of the Social: A new Type entering the European Scene New Tasks for Architects Architects and the Rise of the Modern Expert Training Modern Architects The Rise of Scientific Urbanism and the Self-Empowerment of Architects The Lure of the Machine Themes of Change – Architecture as Technology: Rationalization, Planning, and Technocracy 89 Conclusion 3. Organising New Architectural Goals Organising Architects in a New State Architecture in a New Key – the CIAM Self-empowerment – the CIAM and its Polish Group CIAM-Universalism or Eastern Fast-track? The CIAM-Ost Realizers – the WSM as Interface Conclusion 4. Communicating Social Change through Architecture The Spatial Structure of the New Discourse on Architecture The Abstract Heritage of the First World War and the Logic of the Media Architectural Journals and Books as Architectural Programme Travelling, Gathering, Thinking Alike: Architects as Modern Men Communicating Problems and Solutions via Language and Exhibitions Conclusion Gallery with Plates 5. Materialising the International Agenda: Warszawa Funkcjonalna The CIAM IV Moment – Politics Coming in Realising the Novel: The Functionalist Laboratory of Zlín The Idea of the Functional City Warszawa Funkcjonalna Conclusion 6. Under Pressure: Modernist Architects and the Rise of Political Extremes Questioned Loyalties and Strained International Exchange Continuity and Rupture – the Onslaught on Warsaw Personal Toll and Collaboration Windows of Opportunity: Warsaw as a Post-catastrophic City Old Bonds and new Attention: Warsaw as a Realized Utopia? 2 Conclusion Epilogue Acknowledgements Notes Bibliography Illustration Credits Index

Reviews

"Far too little has been published about Polish modernism or urbanism outside the country; Kohlrausch is absolutely right to try to mend the imbalance. What he has produced is a useful look at Polish modernism and urbanism set into its regional context that will, one hopes, begin to shift our shared view a little further to the east. -- ""Urban History"" Insightful sociopolitical study of a generation of modernist architects in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary who came of age during the Interwar Years. Kohlrausch's thoughtful account makes a significant addition to a full understanding of urbanism. Brokers of Modernity gives new life to previously neglected but no less important contributors to the transnational flows that make cities global.' -- ""Journal of Urban History"" Martin Kohlrausch's Brokers of Modernity puts forth a solid revision of this narrative and succeeds in shifting it significantly eastward. By inserting the manifold contributions by architects from East Central Europe into the larger history of European modernism, he provides an overdue account of what had been shattered when the trans-European professional networks dissolved in the wake of the Second World War. Kohlrausch presents an immensely informed study, which is based on his research of the past decade. Applying the more recent concept of a 'multi-speed Europe' to his period of analysis, the historian masterfully balances institutional history, a history of networks, and a history of modern architecture embedded in its social-historical context. -- ""H-Soz-Kult"""


Martin Kohlrausch's Brokers of Modernity puts forth a solid revision of this narrative and succeeds in shifting it significantly eastward. By inserting the manifold contributions by architects from East Central Europe into the larger history of European modernism, he provides an overdue account of what had been shattered when the trans-European professional networks dissolved in the wake of the Second World War. Kohlrausch presents an immensely informed study, which is based on his research of the past decade. Applying the more recent concept of a 'multi-speed Europe' to his period of analysis, the historian masterfully balances institutional history, a history of networks, and a history of modern architecture embedded in its social-historical context. -- H-Soz-Kult Insightful sociopolitical study of a generation of modernist architects in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary who came of age during the Interwar Years. Kohlrausch's thoughtful account makes a significant addition to a full understanding of urbanism. Brokers of Modernity gives new life to previously neglected but no less important contributors to the transnational flows that make cities global.' -- Journal of Urban History Far too little has been published about Polish modernism or urbanism outside the country; Kohlrausch is absolutely right to try to mend the imbalance. What he has produced is a useful look at Polish modernism and urbanism set into its regional context that will, one hopes, begin to shift our shared view a little further to the east. -- Urban History


Martin Kohlrausch manages sensibly more than to rewrite the history of Eastern Modernism into the frame of the wider history of modernism. It is his bias and his attachment to the personal narrative of the Syrkus couple, the anecdotes and intimate correspondence between the members of the CIAM, along with the numerous references to cinematography and the literature of the region that turn Brokers of Modernity from an immense research work into a history of Modernism rewritten from an Eastern perspective, proving that not all that is solid melts into air. Ilinca Pop, studies in History and Theory of Architecture, no. 7 (2019): 251-254. https://sita.uauim.ro/article/7-pop-martin-kohlrausch-brokers-of Martin Kohlrauschs Buch über die „Makler der Moderne“ ist ein wesentlicher Beitrag zur Architekturgeschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit, weil es den weithin unterschätzten Anteil von Architektinnen und Architekten aus dem östlichen Europa an der Verflechtungsgeschichte der Moderne ins Licht rückt. [..] Mit seinem Buch hat K. den hinter dem Eisernen Vorhang „verschwundenen“ östlichen Teil des CIAM-Netzwerks freigelegt. Die Materialfülle und die breite Quellenbasis macht die Lektüre außerordentlich gewinnbringend. Beate Störtkuhl, ZfO JECES 70 | 2021 | 3 The book offers a fascinating analysis of the convoluted dynamics of the rise and fall of modernism in the “East”. […] the book is an important and very timely contribution to the history of architecture in Central Europe, and especially Poland, in the first half of the twentieth century. It reveals the transformation of architects from professionals into crucial political actors, whose expertise becomes political capital.Emanuela Grama, Ab Imperio, 1/2021 In this original study of modernism in interwar east central Europe, Martin Kohlrausch sets an ambitious agenda to study modernist architects as a group of experts. Noting that architects are typically studied individually or in small groups, he brings a fresh perspective to the topic by stepping away from the traditional concerns of architectural history such as style and focuses instead on group formation and the emergence of a shared professional discourse. […] The analysis of CIAM as a group shows how the presence of these architects, especially those from Poland, contributed to and shaped the discourse of CIAM and architectural modernism in ways that an analysis of individual contributions could never uncover. Zarecor K., Slavic Review, 79(4), 859-860. doi: 10.1017/slr.2020.223 In his truly interdisciplinary book 'Brokers of Modernity', Martin Kohlrausch seeks to rectify this geographical asymmetry in architectural scholarship by placing the new, or significantly reshaped, post-1918 nation-states of Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary at the heart of his narrative. Kohlrausch has a larger goal, however: to investigate modernist architecture’s group formation. [….] The book’s final chapter follows the struggles and ultimate fates of Polish, Czechoslovak, and Hungarian architects through World War II and stands out as an example of extraordinary historical scholarship.Christina E. Crawford, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 79.3, September 2020, https://doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2020.79.3.344 Little-known centers of modernity have long coalesced around Eastern Europe. Over the past three decades, their stories have begun to be rediscovered. “Due to more than 40 years of the Cold War, it has largely been forgotten—or never fully realized—how formative the eastern perspective has been for the arts and for architecture in the first half of the 20th century, ” historian Martin Kohlrausch observes in his book, Brokers of Modernity.vc_on, Maria Wiesner, September 4, 2020 Far too little has been published about Polish modernism or urbanism outside the country; Kohlrausch is absolutely right to try to mend the imbalance. What he has produced is a useful look at Polish modernism and urbanism set into its regional context that will, one hopes, begin to shift our shared view a little further to the east.Christopher Long, Urban History Volume 47, Special Issue 3, August 2020 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963926820000395 Martin Kohlrauschs Studie über die ostmitteleuropäischen Architekten und Architektinnen der Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM) als Avantgarde sozialer Architektur schließt eine Forschungslücke. Als Historiker betrachtet Kohlrausch vierzig Jahre Professionsgeschichte und ihre historischen Bedingungen in deduktiver Perspektivierung und formt die Untersuchung der Akteure, ihrer Ausbildung, Institutionen und Werte zu einem Spiegel des Nation-building vor allem in Polen. […] Architekten und Architektinnen als Broker zu betrachten heißt, sie innerhalb ihrer Netzwerke als zentrale Akteure zu erforschen. Regine Heß, sehepunkte, Ausgabe 20 (2020), Nr. 7/8 Martin Kohlrausch setzt in seinen empirischen Kapiteln sein Exposé sehr gekonnt um: Er charakterisiert zunächst den neuen Typ des Architekten als sich selbst so verstehenden, teilweise als solchen anerkannten sozialpolitischen Experten. […] Die Arbeit rückt demnach nicht nur die Gewichte in der Wahrnehmung dessen, was Architekturmoderne überhaupt ist, zurecht, sondern weist die beträchtliche diskursive Kraft von Modernisierungsbewegungen in Zentraleuropa nach. Dass die polnischen Architekten durch den nationalsozialistischen Krieg zu einem Drittel den Tod erlitten, gehört ebenso zum Gesamtbild wie der von Kohlrausch souverän erbrachte Nachweis, wie viele konstruktive Impulse aus dem untersuchten Raum auf die Entstehung der Disziplin Städtebau ausgingen.Clemens Zimmermann, Archiv für Sozialgeschichte, 27.4.2020 '...insightful sociopolitical study of a generation of modernist architects in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary who came of age during the Interwar Years. [...] Kohlrausch’s thoughtful account makes a significant addition to a full understanding of urbanism. Brokers of Modernity gives new life to previously neglected but no less important contributors to the transnational flows that make cities global.'Harold L. Platt, Journal of Urban History, October 2019 Martin Kohlrausch’s Brokers of Modernity puts forth a solid revision of this narrative and succeeds in shifting it significantly eastward. By inserting the manifold contributions by architects from East Central Europe into the larger history of European modernism, he provides an overdue account of what had been shattered when the trans-European professional networks dissolved in the wake of the Second World War. [...] Kohlrausch presents an immensely informed study, which is based on his research of the past decade. [...] Applying the more recent concept of a ‘multi-speed Europe’ to his period of analysis, the historian masterfully balances institutional history, a history of networks, and a history of modern architecture embedded in its social-historical context. Sarah M. Schlachetzki, H-Soz-Kult


Author Information

Martin Kohlrausch is professor of European Political History and head of the research unit Modernity and Society at the KU Leuven.

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