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Oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju were selected for the present study. P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju both showed highest yield and bioconversion efficiency on wheat and rice straw, followed by sugarcane bagasse and cotton seed waste. P. ostratus gave highest yield 366g/kg wet substrate and B.E (%) 36% on rice straw. Whereas P. sajor-caju gave highest yield of 400g/kg wet substrate and B.E (%) 40% on wheat straw. On sawdust lowest yield and B.E (%) was obtained in both species of Pleurotus. P. ostreatus gave 205g/kg wet substrate yield and 20% B.E (%) on sawdust. P. sajor-caju gave 229g/kg wet substrate yield and 22% B.E (%) on sawdust. P. ostratus on sugarcane bagasse gave 307g yield and 30% B.E, and 229g yield, 22% B.E on cotton seed waste. P. sajor-caju gave 400g yield, 40% B.E on sugarcane bagasse and 268g yield, 26% B.E on cotton seed waste. Analysis of fruiting bodies of mushroom showed that P. ostreatus contains 10.93% protein content, 1.39% crude fat, 4% carbohydrate, 0.8% dietry fibre, 3.4% ash. Whereas P. sajor-caju contains 11.8% protein content, 1.5 % crude fat, 2.85% carbohydrate, 0.25% dietry fibre, 1.25% ash content.

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