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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1890 Excerpt: ... The discovery of anaerobiosis has necessitated the introduction of new apparatus and methods in the cultivation of bacteria. These must be treated now in detail, especially since we already know several pathogenic forms which are markedly anaerobic (malignant oedema, charbon symptoma tique). Very different means have been employed for keeping the oxygen of the air from culture vessels and material, Fig. 42.--Test-tube Cultures, a, B. murisepticus, in agar-gelatin; b, a colorless yeast in raisin-gelatin; c, B. Anthracis, in agar-gelatin. The three cultures are of like age, and grown under exactly the same condition? or for removing all absorbed oxygen from the latter. Sometimes the effort, has been limited to covering the culturemedium with solid substances (glass, mica, agar-agar), fluid (oil), or gas (carbonic acid, hydrogen). If good results are desired, the free oxygen held by the culture-medium must also be removed by boiling, the use of the air-pump, the passage of a gas which is not a supporter of combustion, but at the same time not poisonous (hydrogen), or by the aid of aerobic bacteria or chemicals with an affinity for oxygen. Examples of most of these methods are described below, though I shall confine myself to a discussion of a limited number of kinds of apparatus which have received the recommendation of expert investigators. In accordance with the plan of the book, the principal weight will then be laid on such methods as demand the most readily obtainable and cheapest material. Those who wish to go further into the technology of this branch of the subject are referred to the two chief treatises on the subject, by Roux6 and Siborius.7 Even by the best of the methods described, it is not possi-. ble to remove the last trace of oxygen from the ...

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